“…In cases where no causative factor is identified, or elevated SDF persists after treatment, ICSI using testicular spermatozoa has been suggested as an effective way to overcome unexplained ICSI failures (Alharbi et al., 2019; Arafa et al., 2018; Bradley et al., 2016; Cheung et al., 2019; Esteves & Lewis, 2020; Esteves & Roque, 2019; Esteves, Roque, et al., 2017; Esteves, Sanchez‐Martin, et al., 2015; Greco et al., 2005; Herrero et al., 2019; Pabuccu et al., 2017; Xie et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2019).…”