When Do Imposed Economic Sanctions Work? A Critical Review of the Sanctions Effectiveness Literature

Peksen, Dursun

doi:10.1080/10242694.2019.1625250

Cited by 110 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Th e dimension of effi ciency as a cost / benefi t ratio oft en leads to quantitative and statistical elaborations, which may be interesting, but are extremely unuseful for the comparison since each case study is very specifi c in time and historic context. Th us, the author tends to interpret eff ectiveness as an ability to achieve the goals predetermined at the beginning of the sanctioning process (Peksen 2019). Although this defi nition off ers a rather limited perspective and does not allow too many comparisons and general conclusions, it is at least partially in accordance with observed reality, as well as to some extent usable and applicable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Economic Sanctions: A Literature Review

Pala¹

2021

NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy

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This paper offers a broader reflection on the current and historical discourse related to the analysis of the effectiveness of economic sanctions. Is it possible to reliably measure the effectiveness of economic sanctions ? In addition to summarizing the literature in this area, the article points out numerous problems in the interpretation and use of terminology. Confusion about different approaches in this discipline creates an environment in which it is difficult to orient oneself or segregate objective information. This confusion affects the behaviour of national governments. National governments frequently resort to economic sanctions, even though the measurement of their effectiveness is unclear. The article aims to introduce partial and valid arguments related to the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the imposed sanctions. Moreover, its goal is to present the preferred approach how to measure the effectiveness. The paper concludes that universally valid metrics for measuring effectiveness are hardly achievable due to the inability to compare events across modern history, without taking into account the context. At the same time, there is neither a terminological nor a semantic consensus on the basic concepts, which makes the situation more complicated. One of the main issues is the inconsistent terminology, since many authors do not distinguish between effectiveness and efficiency. Thus, the author tends to interpret effectiveness as an ability to achieve the goals initially pre-set. Although this definition offers a rather loose view which does not allow too much comparison and generalization, it is, in the author’s view, the least “blurred” one. At the same time, the author encourages an individual approach to particular case reports and warns against attempting to econometrically and statistically capture something that is practically incommensurable or not measurable at all. Therefore, the author recommends, as a result of this literature overview, to stick to the perception of effectiveness (or its negation) as an ability (or a disability) to achieve predetermined goals. The value-added of this article is to contribute to the discussion about economic sanctions nowadays. It comes with conclusions about diverging approaches based on the unique, comprehensive literature review of respected authors. Also, the short list of case studies of what the author considers an example of effective and non-effective sanctions will be included.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Economic Sanctions: A Literature Review

Pala¹

2021

NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy

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“…The effectiveness of trade sanctions is contested (Peksen, 2019;Smeets, 2018). Successful approaches used a combination of sanctions addressing various fields, including trade, financial transactions and travel.…”

Section: Sanctioning Unilateral Srm Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Radiation Modification ‐ A “Silver Bullet” Climate Policy for Populist and Authoritarian Regimes?

Michaelowa

2021

Global Policy

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Populist and authoritarian leaders are increasingly coming to power in large countries. They often have a climate sceptic approach and do away with mitigation policies when coming to power. Increasing impacts of extreme meteorological events linked to climate change could lead to a situation where the supporters of the populist leader or elites crucial for the survival of an authoritarian regime are pushing to do something to address climate change. In order not to lose power, the leader may look for quick and cheap solutions. In such a context, solar radiation modification (SRM), for example, by stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), will become very attractive as it is likely to have low costs and rapid effects. Populist or authoritarian governments are unlikely to care for negative impacts of SRM abroad as they often act nationalistically with an explicit disdain for multilateral solutions. We discuss the incentive structure and political economy that populist and authoritarian leaders may face regarding unilateral use of SRM and elaborate how the international community could try to prevent or at least ‘contain’ such unilateral uses of SRM. Unfortunately, such ‘containment’ is contingent on the most powerful states not being populist or authoritarian regimes.

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“…Pese a reconocerlo como reto metodológico, intentó evaluar la eficacia de las metas que identificó (véase arriba), como el aumento de la popularidad de determinados candidatos a la Presidencia de Estados Unidos tras la imposición de sanciones. Frente a la preponderancia del enfoque cuantitativo en la investigación sobre sanciones (Peksen, 2019), el valor potencial de estas detalladas evaluaciones cualitativas sigue infravalorado.…”

Section: Identificación De Múltiples Metasunclassified

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2020

rcai

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When Do Imposed Economic Sanctions Work? A Critical Review of the Sanctions Effectiveness Literature

Cited by 110 publications

References 78 publications

The Effectiveness of Economic Sanctions: A Literature Review

The Effectiveness of Economic Sanctions: A Literature Review

Solar Radiation Modification ‐ A “Silver Bullet” Climate Policy for Populist and Authoritarian Regimes?

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