Wheat straw pre-treatments using eco-friendly strategies for enhancing the tensile properties of bio-based polylactic acid composites

Chougan, Mehdi; Ghaffar, Seyed Hamidreza; Al‐Kheetan, Mazen J.; Gecevicius, Mantas

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112836

Cited by 63 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…The wheat straw is consisted of internodes (57 ± 10%), nodes (10 ± 2%), leaves (18 ± 3%), straw (9 ± 4%) and the central axis (6 ± 2 %). The chemical composition of the wheat straw contains cellulose (34-40%), hemicellulose (20-25%) and lignin (20%) [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscope (Sem) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Enzymatically Hydrolysed Wheat Straws

Ursachi

Gutt

2020

Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study is to find the optimal pretreatment conditions and hydrolysis in order to obtain a high yield of bioethanol from wheat straw. The pretreatments were performed with different concentrations of sulphuric acid 1, 2 and 3% (v/v), and were followed by an enzymatic hydrolysis that was performed by varying the solid-to-liquid ratio (1/20, 1/25 and 1/30 g/mL) and the enzyme dose (30/30 µL/g, 60/60 µL/g and 90/90 µL/g Viscozyme® L/Celluclast® 1.5 L). This mix of enzymes was used for the first time in the hydrolysis process of wheat straws which was previously pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid. Scanning electron microscopy indicated significant differences in the structural composition of the samples because of the pretreatment with H2SO4 at different concentrations, and ATR-FTIR analysis highlighted the changes in the chemical composition in the pretreated wheat straw as compared to the untreated one. HPLC-RID was used to identify and quantify the carbohydrates content resulted from enzymatic hydrolysis to evaluate the potential of using wheat straws as a raw material for production of cellulosic ethanol in Romania. The highest degradation of lignocellulosic material was obtained in the case of pretreatment with 3% H2SO4 (v/v), a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1/30 and an enzyme dose of 90/90 µL/g. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, and for monitoring the fermentation process a BlueSens equipment was used provided with ethanol, O2 and CO2 cap sensors mounted on the fermentation flasks. The highest concentration of bioethanol was obtained after 48 h of fermentation and it reached 1.20% (v/v).

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Section: Scanning Electron Microscope (Sem) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Enzymatically Hydrolysed Wheat Straws

Ursachi

Gutt

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…The utilization of straw biomass in biobased composites is gaining momentum due to their cost efficiency, lightweight, low density, and less environmental impact during production (Sahai & Pardeshi, 2019). So far, the most commonly used material for biobased composite fabrication is wood (Chougan et al., 2020) but wheat straw as a renewable material has the potential to successfully replace wood in various applications. Agro‐industrial waste is the cheapest and largely generated lignocellulosic mass containing high contents of lignocellulose and starch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat straw: A natural remedy against different maladies

Tufail

Saeed

Afzaal

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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In millennia, much attention has been paid toward agro‐industrial waste which consists of lignin and cellulosic biomass. In this perspective, biomass waste which consists of lignocellulosic mass is an inexpensive, renewable, abundant that provides a unique natural resource for large‐scale and cost‐effective bioenergy collection. In this current scenario, efforts are directed to briefly review the agro‐industrial lignocellulosic biomass as a broad spectrum of numerous functional ingredients, its utilization, and respective health benefits with special to wheat straw. Wheat straw is lignocellulosic mass owing to the presence of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Its microbial culture is the most important and well adjusted, for a variety of applications in the fermentation substrate, feed, food, medicine, industry, and agriculture in order to increase soil fertility. In industrial fermentation, wheat straw can be used as substrates for the production of a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes, drugs, metabolites, and other biofuels as a low‐cost substrate or a natural source. Conclusively, wheat straw is the best source to produce bioethanol, biogas, and biohydrogen in biorefineries because it is a renewable, widely distributed, and easily available with very low cost, and its consumption is protected and environment friendly. Wheat straw is a moiety which has health benefits including anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti‐artherogenic, anti‐allergenic, antioxidant, antithrombotic, etc.

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“…Noel et al [9] used atomic force microscopy (AFM), instrumented indentation test (IIT) and compression tests to evaluate the mechanical properties of hard and soft wheat varieties with different structural levels at 10% and 15% water content. Chougan et al [10] used separate and mixed pretreatment methods such as hot water, steam and microwave to improve the mechanical properties of stalks, which balances the relationship between water content and wheat compactness and benefits storage of wheat stalks and composite organisms materials.…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of multi-sequence combination forces on creep characteristics of bales during wheat harvesting

Tang¹,

Liang²,

Zhang

et al. 2021

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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During the baling operation, the wheat stalks are subjected to various mechanisms in the baler and the main form is compression. After the wheat stem is forced by a combination of the threshing cylinder, it needs to be formed under the action of straw baler and meet transport requirements. This paper mainly studies the properties of wheat stalks when baling, and proposes the application of the creep after-effect theory during the baling process. The tension-compression tester was used to perform a 50 mm stalk mechanical test, 50 mm stalk static pressure test, 35 mm×40 mm×50 mm stalk module static pressure test and bale static pressure test. The measured elastic modulus of the stem sample was 7.59 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the inner core of the stem was 8.24 MPa. The return curve of the single stalk and the bale is consistent with the initial creep and steady-state creep in the creep after-effect theory. A logarithmic function was used for fitting of the first stage with coefficient of determination R 2 = 0.8364, and a linear function was used for fitting of the second stage with coefficient of determination R 2 = 0.9921. The high water content static pressure test suggests that the load in the loading direction is the coupled load of the working load of the hydraulic cylinder and the internal stress of the bale. When harvesting wheat stalks with high moisture content, the density parameter of the bale can be appropriately increased while the load parameter of the hydraulic cylinder can be considered unchanged or even reduced. The adjustment of density and load can still ensure the forming quality of the bale.

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Wheat straw pre-treatments using eco-friendly strategies for enhancing the tensile properties of bio-based polylactic acid composites

Cited by 63 publications

References 67 publications

Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Enzymatically Hydrolysed Wheat Straws

Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Enzymatically Hydrolysed Wheat Straws

Wheat straw: A natural remedy against different maladies

Effects of multi-sequence combination forces on creep characteristics of bales during wheat harvesting

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