Wheat straw: A natural remedy against different maladies

Tufail, Tabussam; Saeed, Farhan; Afzaal, Muhammad; Ain, Huma Bader Ul; Gilani, Syed Amir; Hussain, Muzzamal; Anjum, Faqir Muhammad

doi:10.1002/fsn3.2030

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Wheat grain is a vital source that supports humans with calories, carbohydrates, protein, and vitamins [ 4 , 5 ]. Moreover, its straw is utilized in animal feeding and other industrial products [ 6 , 7 ]. The global population is expected to continue growing, and wheat demand is expected to rise, particularly in the face of global crises such as pandemics and wars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Potential and Inheritance Patterns of Physiological, Agronomic and Quality Traits in Bread Wheat under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions

Kamara

Rehan

Mohamed

et al. 2022

Plants

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Water scarcity is a major environmental stress that adversatively impacts wheat growth, production, and quality. Furthermore, drought is predicted to be more frequent and severe as a result of climate change, particularly in arid regions. Hence, breeding for drought-tolerant and high-yielding wheat genotypes has become more decisive to sustain its production and ensure global food security with continuing population growth. The present study aimed at evaluating different parental bread wheat genotypes (exotic and local) and their hybrids under normal and drought stress conditions. Gene action controlling physiological, agronomic, and quality traits through half-diallel analysis was applied. The results showed that water-deficit stress substantially decreased chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency (FV/Fm), relative water content, grain yield, and yield attributes. On the other hand, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POD, and SOD), grain protein content, wet gluten content, and dry gluten content were significantly increased compared to well-watered conditions. The 36 evaluated genotypes were classified based on drought tolerance indices into 5 groups varying from highly drought-tolerant (group A) to highly drought-sensitive genotypes (group E). The parental genotypes P3 and P8 were identified as good combiners to increase chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, grain yield, and yield components under water deficit conditions. Additionally, the cross combinations P2 × P4, P3 × P5, P3 × P8, and P6 × P7 were the most promising combinations to increase yield traits and multiple physiological parameters under water deficit conditions. Furthermore, P1, P2, and P5 were recognized as promising parents to improve grain protein content and wet and dry gluten contents under drought stress. In addition, the crosses P1 × P4, P2 × P3, P2 × P5, P2 × P6, P4 × P7, P5 × P7, P5 × P8, P6 × P8, and P7 × P8 were the best combinations to improve grain protein content under water-stressed and non-stressed conditions. Certain physiological traits displayed highly positive associations with grain yield and its contributing traits under drought stress such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), proline content, and relative water content, which suggest their importance for indirect selection under water deficit conditions. Otherwise, grain protein content was negatively correlated with grain yield, indicating that selection for higher grain yield could reduce grain protein content under drought stress conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Potential and Inheritance Patterns of Physiological, Agronomic and Quality Traits in Bread Wheat under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions

Kamara

Rehan

Mohamed

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Generally, fungi primarily decompose recalcitrant soil organic matter, while bacteria are more vital in the mineralization of labile fractions (Lindahl et al, 2015;Fu et al, 2019). As a result, fungi showed signi cant changes in species abundance under straw mulch than bacteria because fungal communities are adept at degrading lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, all of which are abundant in wheat straw (Cong et al, 2020;Tufail et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw mulch improves soil carbon and nitrogen cycle by mediating soil microbial community structure in maize field

Liu¹,

Dai²,

Cheng³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Aims This study was conducted to investigate the capability of the microbial community networks and soil variables to promote carbon and nitrogen cycles in maize fields under straw mulch. Methods We covered the surface soil of the maize field with different amounts of wheat straw (0 kg/ha, 2250 kg/ha, and 4500 kg/ha), then used High-throughput sequencing, Biology ECO-plate, traditional enzymology, TOC analyzer, and HPLC to measure soil microbial community composition and functions, characteristics of microbial carbon source metabolism, carbon and nitrogen fraction, enzyme activity, and organic acid content in maize rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere. Results Our studies indicated that short-term straw mulch significantly influenced microbial β-diversity. The function predicts results revealed that straw mulch significantly increased the relative abundances of bacteria belonging to chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, ureolysis, and nitrogen fixation while inhibiting fermentation and nitrate reduction in maize rhizosphere soil. The Biology ECO-plate results illustrated that straw mulch weakened the metabolism capacity of microbial labile carbon resources, resulting the soil labile C and N fractions raised. Straw mulch primarily regulated the community structure of Firmicutes, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Those microbial communities direct effected on readily oxidizable organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, available nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon, and indirect effected on these C and N fractions by directly influencing malic acid content and activity of cellulase, protease, and amylase. Conclusions Our findings imply that straw mulch accelerate soil C and N cycle in maize field by mediating microbial community structuresto boost labile C and N components.

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“…They are currently receiving close attention as an alternative source of energy due to their cellulose and hemicellulose contents. They have been reported to contain a high amount of cellulose and hemicellulose (Ibitoyea et al, 2020;Tufail et al, 2021). Over 120 million tons of rice husks are produced annually as waste.…”

Section: Agro-based Wastes As Lignocellulosic Materials For Biofuel P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Underutilized Lignocellulosic Waste as Sources of Feedstock for Biofuel Production in Developing Countries

Adewuyi

2022

Front. Energy Res.

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The need for a reliable and sustainable energy source, stability in energy price and solution to environmental challenges of fossil fuel has led to searching for an alternative energy source to fossil fuel. Several alternative sources have been developed over time, but they are limited in one form or another. However, biofuel such as bioethanol has been identified as a superb alternative with superior properties to fossil fuel. One major challenge with biofuel is the high production cost resulting from feedstock, which may also serve as a food source. In order to address this challenge, research is focused on searching for cheap and sustainable feedstock for biofuel production. Currently, attention is on lignocellulosic waste as feedstock with a keen interest in developing the most appropriate technique for processing it to bioethanol, especially in developing countries, which is the focus of this review. This review involves converting lignocellulosic waste to bioethanol and the pretreatment steps involved as well as its challenges, prospect and economic aspect. Among the pretreatment steps reported, biological treatment remains outstanding but with a few challenges which can be managed. Biofuel has come to stay in developing countries with lots of opportunities that favours its production cost. Although the high cost of enzyme production has been identified as a challenge to the economic viability of lignocellulosic bioethanol, there is hope that developing an efficient bio-system for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and consolidated biomass processing may help circumvent the challenge. In conclusion, the effective utilization of lignocellulosic waste in an efficient biocatalyst system can serve as an economically viable means to overcome the challenge posed by fossil fuel.

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Wheat straw: A natural remedy against different maladies

Cited by 54 publications

References 61 publications

Genetic Potential and Inheritance Patterns of Physiological, Agronomic and Quality Traits in Bread Wheat under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions

Genetic Potential and Inheritance Patterns of Physiological, Agronomic and Quality Traits in Bread Wheat under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions

Straw mulch improves soil carbon and nitrogen cycle by mediating soil microbial community structure in maize field

Underutilized Lignocellulosic Waste as Sources of Feedstock for Biofuel Production in Developing Countries

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