Wheat rust epidemics damage Ethiopian wheat production: A decade of field disease surveillance reveals national-scale trends in past outbreaks

Meyer, Marion; Bacha, Netsanet; Tadesse, Tilahun; Alemayehu, Yoseph; Abera, Endale Hailu; Hundie, Bekele; Woldeab, Getaneh; Girma, Bedada; Gemechu, Ashenafi; Negash, Tamirat; Mideksa, Tamene; Smith, Jacob W.; Jaleta, Moti; Hodson, David; Gilligan, Christopher A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245697

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The prevalence and intensity of the diseases were variable with location, distance from the river, crop type, variety, altitude range, and the growth stage of the crop. Temporal analysis indicated that a sigmoidal rise in disease levels during the wheat season and strong inter-annual variations [ 45 ]. While a simple logistic curve performs satisfactorily in predicting stem rust in some years but not outbreak patterns in other years [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, dynamics, and physiological races of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) on irrigated wheat in the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia

Yesuf

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Wheat is one of the high-value major crops in the world. However, wheat stem rust is considered one of the determinant threats to wheat production in Ethiopia and the world. So this study was conducted to assess the disease intensity, seasonal distribution dynamics pattern, the genetic variability of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, and to determine the virulence spectrum in the irrigated ecology of the Awash River Basin. Totally 137 wheat farms were evaluated, from 2014/15–2019/20 in six districts representing the Upper, Middle, and Lower Awash River Basin. Farm plots were assessed, in every 5–10 km intervals, with ’X’ fashion, and data on disease incidence, severity, healthy plants were counted and recorded. Diseased samples were collected from the diseased wheat stem by Puccinia graminis physiological and genetic race analysis. The seasonal trend of stem rust disease progress showed its importance to infer the future progresses of the disease for the country’s potential production plan of irrigated wheat. The result revealed that the disease prevalence, disease incidence, and severity were significantly varied; among the different districts and seasons in the two regions. The survey results also indicated that about 71.7% of the wheat fields were affected by stem rust during the 2018/19 growing period. The disease’s overall incidence and mean severity during the same season were 49.02% and 29.27%, respectively. In 2019/20, about 63.7% of the wheat fields were affected by stem rust, disease incidence 30.97%, and severity 17.22% were lower than the previous season. In 2019/20, even though seasonal disease distribution decreased, the spatial distribution was expanding in Afambo and Dubti districts. Four, stem rust dominant races were identified (TTTTF, TKTTF TKKTF, and TTKTF) by physiological and genetic race analysis during 2018/19 and one additional race (TKPTF) in 2019/20, production year. The result indicated that the races are highly virulent and affect most Sr genes except Sr31 and Sr24. From the race analysis result, TTTTF, and TKKTF have the broadest virulence spectrum race, which affects 90% of the Sr genes. Generally, we can conclude that the spatial and seasonal distribution of the disease is expanding. Most of the races in the irrigated areas in the Basin were similar to that of rain-fed wheat production belts in Ethiopia, so care must be given, to effective management of the diseases, in both production ecologies towards controlling the spore pressure than race variability. Therefore, these findings provide inputs for wheat producers to reduce the spread and disease’ damage in the irrigated ecologies of Ethiopia. Also, it gives an insight for breeders to think about the breeding program in their crossing lines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temporal analysis indicated that a sigmoidal rise in disease levels during the wheat season and strong inter-annual variations [ 45 ]. While a simple logistic curve performs satisfactorily in predicting stem rust in some years but not outbreak patterns in other years [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, dynamics, and physiological races of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) on irrigated wheat in the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia

Yesuf

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…If the temporal and spatial relationships between climate, disease, and yield give us the same insights, we can have a stronger belief in the generality of the hypothesized climate–disease–yield relationship. As one example, disease levels of stem rust and leaf rust on wheat are known not only to have increased with increasing temperatures due to climate change but also higher at low, warm elevations than at high, cold elevations (Meyer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using local knowledge to reconstruct climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics and yield—A case study on Arabica coffee in its native range

Ayalew,

Hylander,

Börjeson

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementAdapting agriculture to climate change requires an understanding of the long‐term relationship between climate, disease dynamics, and yield. While some countries have monitored major crop diseases for decades or centuries, comparable data is scarce or non‐existent for many countries that are most vulnerable to climate change. For this, a novel approach was developed to reconstruct climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics and yield. Here, a case study on Arabica coffee in its area of origin demonstrates how to combine local knowledge, climate data, and spatial field surveys to reconstruct disease and yield time series and to postulate and test hypotheses for climate–disease–yield relationships.Summary While some countries have monitored crop diseases for several decades or centuries, other countries have very limited historical time series. In such areas, we lack data on long‐term patterns and drivers of disease dynamics, which is important for developing climate‐resilient disease management strategies. We adopted a novel approach, combining local knowledge, climate data, and spatial field surveys to understand long‐term climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics in coffee agroforestry systems. For this, we worked with 58 smallholder farmers in southwestern Ethiopia, the area of origin of Arabica coffee. The majority of farmers perceived an increase in coffee leaf rust and a decrease in coffee berry disease, whereas perceptions of changes in coffee wilt disease and Armillaria root rot were highly variable among farmers. Climate data supported farmers' understanding of the climatic drivers (increased temperature, less rainy days) of these changes. Temporal disease‐climate relationships were matched by spatial disease‐climate relationships, as expected with space‐for‐time substitution. Understanding long‐term disease dynamics and yield is crucial to adapt disease management to climate change. Our study demonstrates how to combine local knowledge, climate data and spatial field surveys to reconstruct disease time series and postulate hypotheses for disease‐climate relationships in areas where few long‐term time series exist.

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“…Stripe or yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) and leaf or brown rust (Puccinia triticina) is indeed a potential biotic restraint, damaging the crop and causing substantial economic losses worldwide (Ali et al 2017;Kumar et al 2020;Meyer et al 2021). The stripe rust is continuing to be a serious threat and dominant factor limiting yield potential in wheat globally (Chen et al 2014(Chen et al , 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Documentation of multi-pathotype durable resistance in exotic wheat genotypes to deadly stripe and leaf rust diseases

Srinivas

Singh

Srinivas

et al. 2023

CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

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Leaf and yellow rusts are considered as one of the most serious biotic constraints of wheat inflicting massive economic losses globally. Host resistance is the only efficient, economical, ecofriendly way of controlling the rust diseases. Characterization of diverse wheat materials is always of a paramount importance for identifying potential varietal material to effectively control rusts and insignificant yield losses. With this background, the present experiments were designed and carried out at

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Wheat rust epidemics damage Ethiopian wheat production: A decade of field disease surveillance reveals national-scale trends in past outbreaks

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Distribution, dynamics, and physiological races of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) on irrigated wheat in the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia

Distribution, dynamics, and physiological races of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) on irrigated wheat in the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia

Using local knowledge to reconstruct climate‐mediated changes in disease dynamics and yield—A case study on Arabica coffee in its native range

Documentation of multi-pathotype durable resistance in exotic wheat genotypes to deadly stripe and leaf rust diseases

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