Wheat

Slafer, Gustavo A.; Savin, Roxana; Pinochet, Dante; Calderini, Daniel F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819194-1.00003-7

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 505 publications

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“…Likewise, E GR-GN is expected to decline with an increasing allocation of resources to root. Fruiting efficiency, defined as the number of grains per unit spike dry matter at anthesis, is an important source of variation in GN [59,60] and could be expected to contribute to E GR-GN :…”

Section: Annual Crops and Fishes Respond To Environmental Variation Through Offspring Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourth, the plant responds to environmental variation by allowing for the allocation of a variable amount of resources R to GN grains of target size GS. This model overlooks allocation to root [55] and storage of labile carbohydrates in shoot [56] that are concurrent with the determination of GN and potential GS [59]. Hence, using CGR between stem elongation and anthesis (g m −2 d −1 ) as a surrogate for R [57-59], we can rewrite equation (3.1):…”

Section: Annual Crops and Fishes Respond To Environmental Variation Through Offspring Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplest algorithm accounting for the simultaneous determination of GN and potential GS is

where R is crop resources. Theory and empirical observations justify using crop growth rate (CGR) in the critical period of grain set as a surrogate for R in annual crops [ 57 , 58 ] including wheat [ 59 ]. The rationale of this model involves four main elements [ 39 , 47 – 49 , 57 ].…”

Section: The Puzzling Role Of Labile Reserve Carbohydrates In the Algorithm Of Wheat Reproductive Allocation And Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…figure 1 c ). Second, ovary size sets the upper limit of GS, and this process is simultaneous with the critical period of grain set [ 59 ]. Third, conserved offspring size is adaptive; it has typically high heritability, e.g.…”

Section: The Puzzling Role Of Labile Reserve Carbohydrates In the Algorithm Of Wheat Reproductive Allocation And Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This model overlooks allocation to root [ 55 ] and storage of labile carbohydrates in shoot [ 56 ] that are concurrent with the determination of GN and potential GS [ 59 ]. Hence, using CGR between stem elongation and anthesis (g m −2 d −1 ) as a surrogate for R [ 57 – 59 ], we can rewrite equation (3.1):

where E GR–GN is the efficiency of conversion of growth rate per unit GS into GN (d −1 ).…”

Section: The Puzzling Role Of Labile Reserve Carbohydrates In the Algorithm Of Wheat Reproductive Allocation And Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary and ecological perspectives on the wheat phenotype

Sadras

2021

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Technologies, from molecular genetics to precision agriculture, are outpacing theory, which is becoming a bottleneck for crop improvement. Here, we outline theoretical insights on the wheat phenotype from the perspective of three evolutionary and ecologically important relations—mother–offspring, plant–insect and plant–plant. The correlation between yield and grain number has been misinterpreted as cause-and-effect; an evolutionary perspective shows a striking similarity between crop and fishes. Both respond to environmental variation through offspring number; seed and egg size are conserved. The offspring of annual plants and semelparous fishes, lacking parental care, are subject to mother–offspring conflict and stabilizing selection. Labile reserve carbohydrates do not fit the current model of wheat yield; they can stabilize grain size, but involve trade-offs with root growth and grain number, and are at best neutral for yield. Shifting the focus from the carbon balance to an ecological role, we suggest that labile carbohydrates may disrupt aphid osmoregulation, and thus contribute to wheat agronomic adaptation. The tight association between high yield and low competitive ability justifies the view of crop yield as a population attribute whereby the behaviour of the plant becomes subordinated within that of the population, with implications for genotyping, phenotyping and plant breeding.

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Section: Annual Crops and Fishes Respond To Environmental Variation Through Offspring Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Annual Crops and Fishes Respond To Environmental Variation Through Offspring Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplest algorithm accounting for the simultaneous determination of GN and potential GS is

Section: The Puzzling Role Of Labile Reserve Carbohydrates In the Algorithm Of Wheat Reproductive Allocation And Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Puzzling Role Of Labile Reserve Carbohydrates In the Algorithm Of Wheat Reproductive Allocation And Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

where E GR–GN is the efficiency of conversion of growth rate per unit GS into GN (d −1 ).…”

Section: The Puzzling Role Of Labile Reserve Carbohydrates In the Algorithm Of Wheat Reproductive Allocation And Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary and ecological perspectives on the wheat phenotype

Sadras

2021

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Forest and Agricultural Biomass

Mohamad Amini

2024

Plant Biomass Derived Materials

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Future of durum wheat research and breeding: Insights from early career researchers

Peters Haugrud,

Achilli,

Martínez‐Peña

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is globally cultivated for pasta, couscous, and bulgur production. With the changing climate and growing world population, the need to significantly increase durum production to meet the anticipated demand is paramount. This review summarizes recent advancements in durum research, encompassing the exploitation of existing and novel genetic diversity, exploration of potential new diversity sources, breeding for climate‐resilient varieties, enhancements in production and management practices, and the utilization of modern technologies in breeding and cultivar development. In comparison to bread wheat (T. aestivum), the durum wheat community and production area are considerably smaller, often comprising many small‐family farmers, notably in African and Asian countries. Public breeding programs such as the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) play a pivotal role in providing new and adapted cultivars for these small‐scale growers. We spotlight the contributions of these and others in this review. Additionally, we offer our recommendations on key areas for the durum research community to explore in addressing the challenges posed by climate change while striving to enhance durum production and sustainability. As part of the Wheat Initiative, the Expert Working Group on Durum Wheat Genomics and Breeding recognizes the significance of collaborative efforts in advancing toward a shared objective. We hope the insights presented in this review stimulate future research and deliberations on the trajectory for durum wheat genomics and breeding.

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Wheat

Cited by 19 publications

References 505 publications

Evolutionary and ecological perspectives on the wheat phenotype

Evolutionary and ecological perspectives on the wheat phenotype

Forest and Agricultural Biomass

Future of durum wheat research and breeding: Insights from early career researchers

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