Wheat Blast- A New Challenge to Wheat Cultivation in South Asia

Singh, D. P.

doi:10.24838/ip.2017.v70.i2.70609

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…With time, the patches coalesce and the whole field is severely damaged. Spikes in the infected field become silvery color while the leaves may remain green (Figure 1B; Singh, 2017). The fungus MoT can infect all above-ground parts of wheat such as spike, leaf, peduncle, glume, awn, and seed (Igarashi, 1990;Urashima et al, 2009;Cruz and Valent, 2017), but the most distinguishable symptom is observed on the spikes (Malaker et al, 2016;Saharan et al, 2016;Cruz and Valent, 2017).…”

Section: Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Wheat Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under field conditions, lesions on the leaves may vary in shape and size depending on the crop growth stage. Leaves of highly susceptible cultivars can be infected severely at the seedling stage and lead to total plant death under conducive weather conditions (Igarashi, 1990;Singh, 2017). Resistant cultivars may also show moderately susceptible to susceptible reaction to the disease at the seedling stage (Roy et al, unpublished).…”

Section: Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Wheat Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wheat head blast in the field sometimes can be wrongly diagnosed, because it somewhat resembles Fusarium head blight (FHB) and spot blotch, caused by Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana, respectively (Pieck et al, 2017;Singh, 2017). When the rachis is infected with FHB, spikelets above the infection point may also become bleached, with pink to orange masses of spores of the fungus, in contrast to the gray masses of MoT (Figure 2A), being observed on the infected spikelets (Figure 2B; Wise and Woloshuk, 2010;Valent et al, 2016).…”

Section: Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Wheat Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat Blast: A Disease Spreading by Intercontinental Jumps and Its Management Strategies

et al. 2021

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Wheat blast (WB) caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT) is an important fungal disease in tropical and subtropical wheat production regions. The disease was initially identified in Brazil in 1985, and it subsequently spread to some major wheat-producing areas of the country as well as several South American countries such as Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina. In recent years, WB has been introduced to Bangladesh and Zambia via international wheat trade, threatening wheat production in South Asia and Southern Africa with the possible further spreading in these two continents. Resistance source is mostly limited to 2NS carriers, which are being eroded by newly emerged MoT isolates, demonstrating an urgent need for identification and utilization of non-2NS resistance sources. Fungicides are also being heavily relied on to manage WB that resulted in increasing fungal resistance, which should be addressed by utilization of new fungicides or rotating different fungicides. Additionally, quarantine measures, cultural practices, non-fungicidal chemical treatment, disease forecasting, biocontrol etc., are also effective components of integrated WB management, which could be used in combination with varietal resistance and fungicides to obtain reasonable management of this disease.

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Section: Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Wheat Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Wheat Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Symptoms and Diagnosis Of Wheat Blastmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat Blast: A Disease Spreading by Intercontinental Jumps and Its Management Strategies

et al. 2021

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“…Blast severity varied greatly depending on weather conditions, cultivar, and the plant organ which is infected [14,15]. Disease infection is mostly favored by temperatures of 25-30 • C, humidity > 80% and leaf wetness period > 25-40 h during the anthesis and grain filling stage [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Genotypes and Genomic Regions for Resistance to Wheat Blast in South Asian Germplasm

Roy

Juliana

Kabir

et al. 2021

Plants

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Wheat blast (WB) disease, since its first identification in Bangladesh in 2016, is now an established serious threat to wheat production in South Asia. There is a need for sound knowledge about resistance sources and associated genomic regions to assist breeding programs. Hence, a panel of genotypes from India and Bangladesh was evaluated for wheat blast resistance and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed. Disease evaluation was done during five crop seasons—at precision phenotyping platform (PPPs) for wheat blast disease at Jashore (2018–19), Quirusillas (2018–19 and 2019–20) and Okinawa (2019 and 2020). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) across the genome were obtained using DArTseq genotyping-by-sequencing platform, and in total 5713 filtered markers were used. GWAS revealed 40 significant markers associated with WB resistance, of which 33 (82.5%) were in the 2NS/2AS chromosome segment and one each on seven chromosomes (3B, 3D, 4A, 5A, 5D, 6A and 6B). The 2NS markers contributed significantly in most of the environments, explaining an average of 33.4% of the phenotypic variation. Overall, 22.4% of the germplasm carried 2NS/2AS segment. So far, 2NS translocation is the only effective WB resistance source being used in the breeding programs of South Asia. Nevertheless, the identification of non-2NS/2AS genomic regions for WB resistance provides a hope to broaden and diversify resistance for this disease in years to come.

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“…Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world's most significant cereal crops, and also Bangladesh's second most important cereal crop. Wheat is the core of global food security, supplying 20% of the protein and calories consumed by the majority of people (Singh, 2017). The extensive wheat farming has always attracted a variety of constraints, resulting in the emergence of biotic and abiotic limits (Mushtaq et al, 2019;Nazir, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative efficacy of fungicide and gamma radiation for controlling blast of wheat

Akter

Kashem

Swarna

et al. 2022

World J. Biol. Biotechnol.

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This research is conducted for comparison of an eco-friendly gamma radiation method and chemical fungicidal spray in reducing wheat blast incidence and severity in BINA under both artificial and natural conditions during 2019-2022. Wheat blast infection occurred on the leaves, spikes and newly emerged heads contained typical eye shaped blast symptoms. Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum (MoT), a causal agent of wheat blast was isolated by tissue panting method, cultured on OAT medium at 30 ±10C, confirmed by PCR amplified with universal MoT3 primer pairs that resulted 361 bp. The MoT inoculated (@ 5x106 CFU/mL) wheat plants successfully developed blast symptoms after 16 days in four tested wheat varieties/germplasm. An in vitro evaluation of five chemical fungicides was done against MoT where Nativo and Filia completely inhibited (100%) its radial mycelial growth. A total three spray, combination of half doses of Nativo + Filia [(0.3g + 1mL)/L] at 10 days intervals starting from one week of pre-heading or critical stage significantly reduced wheat blast incidence and severity in both artificially inoculated and natural conditions. Gamma radiated M3 population of wheat vars. also showed better performance in reduction of blast severity. Among the four doses of gamma radiation, 300 Gy significantly showed the better performance in reducing blast disease incidence and severity on wheat var. BG 26. Although combined fungicidal spray treatment (TF) significantly reduced 93.1% DI and 94.3 % DS in var. BG26 over control, but the highest percent reduction of wheat blast incidence (97.7%) and severity (98.4%) was observed on gamma irradiated (300 Gy) M3 line (BG26M3L4) under natural condition indicating gamma radiation brought a change in the genetic level positive for developing source of resistance against wheat blast. Moreover, gamma irradiated M3 line BG26M3L4 increased higher vegetative traits / yield than the combined fungicidal spray indicating gamma radiation might be a good replacement of chemical fungicides for management of blast of wheat.

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Wheat Blast- A New Challenge to Wheat Cultivation in South Asia

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Wheat Blast: A Disease Spreading by Intercontinental Jumps and Its Management Strategies

Wheat Blast: A Disease Spreading by Intercontinental Jumps and Its Management Strategies

New Genotypes and Genomic Regions for Resistance to Wheat Blast in South Asian Germplasm

Comparative efficacy of fungicide and gamma radiation for controlling blast of wheat

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