What we already know about rhubarb: a comprehensive review

Xiang, Hong; Zuo, Jiaxin; Guo, Fengjin; Dong, Deshi

doi:10.1186/s13020-020-00370-6

Cited by 99 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…However, K hib modification has not been reported thus far in the Chinese herb rhubarb. Rhubarb, also named Rhei or Dahuang, belongs to the Rheum L. genus from the Polygonaceae family, which is one of the most ancient and important herbs in traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely used in clinical applications for over a thousand years [ 18 , 19 ]. Currently, rhubarb has been suggested to possess various forms of activity such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and anticancer activity, and the regulation of gastrointestinal function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global analysis of protein lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) profiles in Chinese herb rhubarb (Dahuang)

Wang

et al. 2021

BMC Genomics

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Background Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a newly discovered protein posttranslational modification (PTM) and is involved in the broad-spectrum regulation of cellular processes that are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including in plants. The Chinese herb rhubarb (Dahuang) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicines in clinical applications. To better understand the physiological activities and mechanism of treating diseases with the herb, it is necessary to conduct intensive research on rhubarb. However, Khib modification has not been reported thus far in rhubarb. Results In this study, we performed the first global analysis of Khib-modified proteins in rhubarb by using sensitive affinity enrichment combined with high-accuracy HPLC-MS/MS tandem spectrometry. A total of 4333 overlapping Khib modification peptides matched on 1525 Khib-containing proteins were identified in three independent tests. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these Khib-containing proteins are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, particularly in protein biosynthesis and central carbon metabolism and are distributed mainly in chloroplasts, cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. In addition, the amino acid sequence motif analysis showed that a negatively charged side chain residue (E), a positively charged residue (K), and an uncharged residue with the smallest side chain (G) were strongly preferred around the Khib site, and a total of 13 Khib modification motifs were identified. These identified motifs can be classified into three motif patterns, and some motif patterns are unique to rhubarb and have not been identified in other plants to date. Conclusions A total of 4333 Khib-modified peptides on 1525 proteins were identified. The Khib-modified proteins are mainly distributed in the chloroplast, cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria, and involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Moreover, three types of amino acid sequence motif patterns, including EKhib/KhibE, GKhib and k.kkk….Khib….kkkkk, were extracted from a total of 13 Khib-modified peptides. This study provides comprehensive Khib-proteome resource of rhubarb. The findings from the study contribute to a better understanding of the physiological roles of Khib modification, and the Khib proteome data will facilitate further investigations of the roles and mechanisms of Khib modification in rhubarb.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global analysis of protein lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) profiles in Chinese herb rhubarb (Dahuang)

Wang

et al. 2021

BMC Genomics

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“…Some network pharmacological studies have found that β -sitosterol may resist diabetic retinopathy by regulating key targets such as VEGFA in HIF-1 pathway [27], in addition to insulin secretagogue, β -sitosterol also has insulin-like activity, regulating PI3K / Akt and GLUT4 [28]. Rhein can play an anti-in ammatory role by regulating NF -κ B and reducing the expression of pro-in ammatory factors TNF -α and IL-6, which is closely related to T2DM; clinically, oral rhubarb rhizome extract can signi cantly reduce glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose and body weight of patients with T2DM [29].…”

Section: Component-target Molecule Docking Of Dhxdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discussing the Mechanism of Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Xi¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is regarded as Pi Dan disease in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction (DHXD), a classical TCM formula, has been used for treating Pi Dan disease in clinic, its pharmacological mechanism has not been elucidated. MethodsThis study used network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking approach to explore the mechanism of DHXD on T2DM. Firstly, the compounds in DHXD were obtained from TCMSP and TCMID databases, the potential targets were determined based on TCMSP and UniProt databases. Next, Genecards, Digenet and UniProt databases were used to identify the targets of T2DM. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established with overlapping genes of T2DM and compounds, and the core targets in the network were identified and analyzed. Then, the David database was used for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, the target genes were selected and the molecular docking was completed by Autodock software to observe the binding level of active components with target genes.ResultsA total of 397 related components and 128 overlapping genes were identified. After enrichment analysis, it was found that HIF-1, TNF, IL-17 and other signaling pathways, as well as DNA transcription, gene expression, apoptosis and other cellular biological processes had the strongest correlation with the treatment of T2DM by DHXD, and most of them occurred in the extracellular space, plasma membrane and other places, which were related to enzyme binding and protein binding. In addition, 42 core genes of DHXD, such as VEGFA, TP53 and MAPK1, were considered as potential therapeutic targets, indicating the potential mechanism of DHXD on T2DM. Finally, the results of molecular docking showed that HIF-1 pathway had strong correlation with the target genes INSR and GLUT4, quercetin and berberine had the strongest binding power with them respectively.ConclusionThis study summarized the main components of DHXD in the treatment of T2DM, identified the core genes and pathways, and systematically analyzed the interaction of related targets, trying to lay the foundation for clarifying the potential mechanism of DHXD on T2DM, so as to carry out further research in the future.

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“…and R. officinale Bail. ( Polygonaceae ) (Xiang et al, 2020). The chemical components contained in rhubarb mainly include anthraquinones, anthrones, stilbenes, tannins and butyrophenones (Gao et al, 2017), of which anthraquinones are the main active ingredients (Chen, Sun, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhubarb is an ancient and important HM (Xiang et al, 2020) and is officially listed in the Chinese, European, Korean and Japanese pharmacopoeias (Sun et al, 2017;Xiang et al, 2020). The quality of rhubarb must be controlled to obtain a good medicinal efficacy and clinical safety, but there are some limitations in the current QE methods of rhubarb (Xue et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality evaluation of rhubarb based on qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and UFLC–Q‐TOF–MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of eight anthraquinone glycosides by QAMS

Dou

Ying

Zhou³

et al. 2021

Biomedical Chromatography

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Rhubarb is one of the most ancient and important herbal medicines, but its current quality evaluation (QE) methods have some limitations. In this study, a new method was developed for the comprehensive QE of rhubarb. First, fingerprints of 28 batches of three species of rhubarb samples were determined by HPLC, the reference fingerprint was established and the common peaks were assigned. Second, the components of common peaks in the fingerprints were identified by ultrafast liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Finally, a method for the simultaneous determination of the contents of eight anthraquinone glycosides in rhubarb using quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker (QAMS) was established, and the contents of these eight components in 28 batches of rhubarb determined by QAMS and the external standard method were compared. The results showed that there were 31 common peaks in the rhubarb fingerprint. The components of these 31 common peaks were identified, and 20 of them were unambiguously confirmed by reference substances, including eight anthraquinone glycosides. The contents of eight anthraquinone glycosides in the 28 batches of rhubarb determined by QAMS and the external standard method were not significantly different. In conclusion, the method established in this study can be used for the comprehensive QE of rhubarb and can also provide a reference for the QE of other herbal medicines.

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What we already know about rhubarb: a comprehensive review

Cited by 99 publications

References 139 publications

Global analysis of protein lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) profiles in Chinese herb rhubarb (Dahuang)

Global analysis of protein lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) profiles in Chinese herb rhubarb (Dahuang)

Discussing the Mechanism of Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Quality evaluation of rhubarb based on qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and UFLC–Q‐TOF–MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of eight anthraquinone glycosides by QAMS

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