What’s New with Tumor Markers for Colorectal Cancer?

Abstract

Background/Aims: Many tumor markers have been utilized in the follow-up care of colorectal cancer patients. No marker, however, has proven reliably accurate in detecting recurrent disease. Methods: The strengths and weaknesses of currently available tumor markers are reviewed, with attention to related cost and efficacy. Results: Tumor antigens, enzymes, and genetic markers have been used as tumor markers. CEA and CA 19.9 are the most widely utilized; however, genetic markers are the most promising for the future. Conclusions: Currently available markers have significant limitations. Development of genetic markers may greatly enhance our ability to predict prognosis and the need for adjuvant therapy. Marker-guided therapy may play an increasing role in this disease.

VEGF Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer

“…During recent years, there have been many studies to define the biological profile of CRC to improve early diagnosis and the prognostic stratification, and eventually find a cure (Pokorny et al, 2000;Crawford et al, 2003). However, the biological factors involved in the development of CRC are not yet clear (Petrova et al, 2008;Campa et al, 2012).…”

The serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen in drainage venous blood is not a sensitive predictor of metachronous hepatic metastasis for patients with colorectal cancer

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Continuously raised preoperative p-CEA levels are associated with an increased likelihood of recurrence and decreased survival. 7 Furthermore, postoperative p-CEA levels are useful as a monitor for the early detection of recurrence after curative surgery and for assessing response to chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.…”

Association of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer

“…During the last few years, many attempts have been made to define the biological profile of CRC in order to improve early diagnosis and the prognostic stratification, and eventually find a cure (2, 3). Although many biological factors have been implicated in the development of CRC, a clinical relevance has not yet been reached for most of them.…”