What’s new in surfactant?

Been, Jasper V; Zimmermann, Luc J. I.

doi:10.1007/s00431-007-0501-4

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Although more studies are needed to establish the efficacy of surfactant therapy for many of these conditions, clinical surfactants appear to be a promising and versatile therapeutic intervention [2, 3,73,74]. It should be noted that new applications for clinical surfactants are still emerging [79,80], including their use as a carrier to deliver corticosteroids directly to the lungs of premature newborns with or at high risk for chronic lung disease [81]. Therefore, it is of vital importance to characterize and compare exogenous surfactant preparations currently available for clinical practice, both biochemically and biophysically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of clinical pulmonary surfactants using atomic force microscopy

Zou

Fan

Wang

et al. 2011

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes

108

235

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Clinical pulmonary surfactant is routinely used to treat premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome, and has shown great potential in alleviating a number of neonatal and adult respiratory diseases. Despite extensive study of chemical composition, surface activity, and clinical performance of various surfactant preparations, a direct comparison of surfactant films is still lacking. In this study, we use atomic force microscopy to characterize and compare four animal-derived clinical surfactants currently used throughout the world, i.e., Survanta, Curosurf, Infasurf and BLES. These modified-natural surfactants are further compared to dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), a synthetic model surfactant of DPPC:palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) (7:3), and endogenous bovine natural surfactant. Atomic force microscopy reveals significant differences in the lateral structure and molecular organization of these surfactant preparations. These differences are discussed in terms of DPPC and cholesterol contents. We conclude that all animal-derived clinical surfactants assume a similar structure of multilayers of fluid phospholipids closely attached to an interfacial monolayer enriched in DPPC, at physiologically relevant surface pressures. This study provides the first comprehensive survey of the lateral structure of clinical surfactants at various surface pressures. It may have clinical implications on future application and development of surfactant preparations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of clinical pulmonary surfactants using atomic force microscopy

Zou

Fan

Wang

et al. 2011

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes

108

235

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As such, phospholipids play an important role in protecting the lung from oxidative damage and infection. Indeed, administration of surfactant has been shown to be effective in relieving acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome (38,39). In LXR-KI mice, the level of phospholipids in BAL fluid was significantly higher than that in WT mice regardless of the LPS treatment (Fig.…”

Section: Activation Of Lxr Conferred Resistance To Lps-induced Lungmentioning

confidence: 98%

Activation of the Liver X Receptor Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-induced Lung Injury

Gong

Lee

et al. 2009

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The liver X receptors (LXRs) have been known as sterol sensors that impact cholesterol and lipid homeostasis, as well as inflammation. Although the hepatic functions of LXRs are well documented, whether and how LXRs play a pathophysiological role in the lung remain largely unknown. Here we show that LXR␣ and LXR␤ are expressed in both type I and type II mouse lung epithelial cells, as well as in human lung cancer cells. To study the role of LXR␣ in vivo including the pulmonary function of this LXR isoform, we created LXR␣ knock-in (LXR-KI) mice in which a constitutively activated LXR␣ (VP-LXR␣) was inserted into the mouse LXR␣ locus. We show that activation of LXR in LXR-KI mice or LXR agonist-treated wild type mice induced pulmonary expression of genes encoding multiple antioxidant enzymes. Consistent with the induction of antioxidant enzymes, LXR-KI mice and LXR ligand-treated wild type mice showed a substantial resistance to lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury and decreased production of reactive oxygen species. In summary, we have uncovered a novel role of LXR in regulating antioxidant enzymes in the lung and the implication of this regulation in pulmonary tissue protection.

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“…The widespread implementation of antenatal steroids is the most obvious and probably the most influential example [70]. Other practice changes include the increased use of exogenous surfactant [71] and noninvasive modes of ventilatory support such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) [72]. These may reduce secondary lung injury in chorioamnionitis-exposed infants and partly account for the apparently diminishing association between chorioamnionitis and BPD over time [73].…”

Section: Chorioamnionitis and Neonatal Respiratory Outcome In Pretmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chorioamnionitis and Lung Injury in Preterm Newborns

Rocha

2013

Critical Care Research and Practice

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There is a strong evidence that histologic chorioamnionitis is associated with a reduction of incidence and severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Short-term maturational effects on the lungs of extremely premature infants seem to be, however, accompanied by a greater susceptibility of the lung, eventually contributing to an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Genetic susceptibility to BPD is an evolving area of research and several studies have directly related the risk of BPD to genomic variants. There is a substantial heterogeneity across the studies in the magnitude of the association between chorioamnionitis and BPD, and whether or not the association is statistically significant. Considerable variation is largely dependent on differences of inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as on clinical and histopathological definitions. The presence of significant publication bias may exaggerate the magnitude of the association. Controlling for publication bias may conduct to adjusted results that are no longer significant. Recent studies generally seem to confirm the effect of chorioamnionitis on RDS incidence, while no effect on BPD is seen. Recent data suggest susceptibility for subsequent asthma to be increased on long-term followup. Additional research on this field is needed.

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What’s new in surfactant?

Abstract: Surfactant therapy has significantly changed clinical practice in neonatology over the last 25 years. Recent trials in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) have not shown superiority of any natural surfactant over another.

Cited by 28 publications

References 152 publications

Comparative study of clinical pulmonary surfactants using atomic force microscopy

Comparative study of clinical pulmonary surfactants using atomic force microscopy

Activation of the Liver X Receptor Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-induced Lung Injury

Chorioamnionitis and Lung Injury in Preterm Newborns

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