What's Love Got to do with it: Role of oxytocin in trauma, attachment and resilience

Sharma, Samata; Gonda, Xénia; Döme, Péter; Tarazi, Frank I.

doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107602

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…This is in line with the most recent data that white matter damage and cognitive dysfunction was more pronounced in male than in female mice [213]. Moreover, mortality after TBI is most pronounced in the elderly, male patient [214,215], and, finally, the incidence and morbidity of ASDH is highest in this population [216,217]. However, there is clear evidence for ageand sex-dependent differences after murine TBI as well as the response to treatment: juvenile male mice revealed less acute inflammatory cytokine expression, but greater subacute microglial/macrophage accumulation, and improved neurological recovery after TBI [218].…”

Section: Sexsupporting

confidence: 89%

Biological Connection of Psychological Stress and Polytrauma under Intensive Care: The Role of Oxytocin and Hydrogen Sulfide

Merz

McCook

Denoix

et al. 2021

IJMS

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This paper explored the potential mediating role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and the oxytocin (OT) systems in hemorrhagic shock (HS) and/or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Morbidity and mortality after trauma mainly depend on the presence of HS and/or TBI. Rapid “repayment of the O2 debt” and prevention of brain tissue hypoxia are cornerstones of the management of both HS and TBI. Restoring tissue perfusion, however, generates an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury due to the formation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Moreover, pre-existing-medical-conditions (PEMC’s) can aggravate the occurrence and severity of complications after trauma. In addition to the “classic” chronic diseases (of cardiovascular or metabolic origin), there is growing awareness of psychological PEMC’s, e.g., early life stress (ELS) increases the predisposition to develop post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD) and trauma patients with TBI show a significantly higher incidence of PTSD than patients without TBI. In fact, ELS is known to contribute to the developmental origins of cardiovascular disease. The neurotransmitter H2S is not only essential for the neuroendocrine stress response, but is also a promising therapeutic target in the prevention of chronic diseases induced by ELS. The neuroendocrine hormone OT has fundamental importance for brain development and social behavior, and, thus, is implicated in resilience or vulnerability to traumatic events. OT and H2S have been shown to interact in physical and psychological trauma and could, thus, be therapeutic targets to mitigate the acute post-traumatic effects of chronic PEMC’s. OT and H2S both share anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and vasoactive properties; through the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway, where their signaling mechanisms converge, they act via the regulation of nitric oxide (NO).

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Section: Sexsupporting

confidence: 89%

Biological Connection of Psychological Stress and Polytrauma under Intensive Care: The Role of Oxytocin and Hydrogen Sulfide

Merz

McCook

Denoix

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Attachment develops in accordance with the quality of mother–toddler interactions, which can promote corresponding social-emotional development and decrease the risk of ASD via positive experiences in early life [ 41 , 42 ]. Meanwhile, oxytocin released during breastfeeding, which is one evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide with critical functions in the control of social behaviors, especially pair-bonding (i.e., breastfeeding), could enhance social recognition and memory, and reduce stress [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Meta-analyses indicated that children with ASD have lower blood oxytocin levels compared to neurotypical individuals [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Breastfeeding for the First Six Months of Life and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A National Multi-Center Study in China

et al. 2021

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Previous studies have shown that exclusive breastfeeding is associated with lower odds of having autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children, but data are lacking in Asian countries, especially China. This cross-sectional study of seven cities in China collected data from August 2016 to March 2017 from 6049 toddlers aged 16–30 months and their parents who responded to questionnaires. The breastfeeding status was collected via questionnaires based on recommendations from the World Health Organization. The standard procedure for screening and diagnosis was applied to identify toddlers with ASD. Among the 6049 toddlers (3364 boys [55.6%]; mean [SD] age, 22.7 [4.1] months), 71 toddlers (1.2%) were identified as ASD. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding, partial breastfeeding, and not breastfeeding was 48.8%, 42.2%, and 9.1%, respectively. Compared to toddlers with exclusive breastfeeding, toddlers with partial breastfeeding or without breastfeeding had higher odds of having ASD (odd ratios [OR]: 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90–2.74; OR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.10–4.82). We did not find significant modification of demographic characteristics on the associations. The results remained robust in multiple sensitivity analyses. Toddlers without breastfeeding for the first six months of life had higher odds of having ASD, and our findings shed light on the necessity of strengthening public health efforts to increase exclusive breastfeeding in China.

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“…Resilience is a complex concept that has been defined from the perspectives of many different research fields, but it can be summarized as the ability to maintain health and adapt positively despite adversity. Resilient persons have a decreased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and decreased prevalence of major mental illness during their lifespan [ 161 , 162 ]. Resilience is considered to be associated with less reactivity of the HPA axis and greater parasympathetic tone, compared to the status of an individual in stressful conditions [ 162 ].…”

Section: Resilience and Oxytocinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Oxytocin in Stress Responses, Allostasis and Resilience

Takayanagi

Onaka

2021

IJMS

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Oxytocin has been revealed to work for anxiety suppression and anti-stress as well as for psychosocial behavior and reproductive functions. Oxytocin neurons are activated by various stressful stimuli. The oxytocin receptor is widely distributed within the brain, and oxytocin that is released or diffused affects behavioral and neuroendocrine stress responses. On the other hand, there has been an increasing number of reports on the role of oxytocin in allostasis and resilience. It has been shown that oxytocin maintains homeostasis, shifts the set point for adaptation to a changing environment (allostasis) and contributes to recovery from the shifted set point by inducing active coping responses to stressful stimuli (resilience). Recent studies have suggested that oxytocin is also involved in stress-related disorders, and it has been shown in clinical trials that oxytocin provides therapeutic benefits for patients diagnosed with stress-related disorders. This review includes the latest information on the role of oxytocin in stress responses and adaptation.

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What's Love Got to do with it: Role of oxytocin in trauma, attachment and resilience

Cited by 32 publications

References 163 publications

Biological Connection of Psychological Stress and Polytrauma under Intensive Care: The Role of Oxytocin and Hydrogen Sulfide

Biological Connection of Psychological Stress and Polytrauma under Intensive Care: The Role of Oxytocin and Hydrogen Sulfide

Association of Breastfeeding for the First Six Months of Life and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A National Multi-Center Study in China

Roles of Oxytocin in Stress Responses, Allostasis and Resilience

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