What Predicts Out-of-Home Placement in Juvenile Court Dispositions? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zane, Steven N.; Pupo, Jhon A.

doi:10.1007/s10964-022-01686-2

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Empirical research also partially bears out these expectations, with placement outcomes more likely for male offenders and Black offenders (Zane and Pupo 2023). As with legal factors above, the strength of these associations may be influenced by political and religious context.…”

Section: Do Political and Religious Context Moderate Focal Concerns?mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In juvenile court, as well, these legal factors may be relevant to the focal concern of salvageability, with more serious offenders and more chronic offenders seen as less amenable to rehabilitation. Empirical research bears out these expectations, with offense severity and prior record strongly associated with likelihood of placement (Zane and Pupo 2023). Additionally, the strength of these associations may be influenced by political and religious context.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, non-White and male offenders may be perceived as less deserving of, or likely to benefit from, rehabilitative intervention (e.g., Beckman and Rodriguez 2021; Bridges and Steen 1998; Cochran and Mears 2015; Fader, Kurlychek, and Morgan 2014; Zane, Cochran, and Mears 2022). Empirical research also partially bears out these expectations, with placement outcomes more likely for male offenders and Black offenders (Zane and Pupo 2023). As with legal factors above, the strength of these associations may be influenced by political and religious context.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Political and Religious Context of Juvenile Punishment: A Multilevel Examination of Juvenile Court Dispositions in Three Southern States

Zane

Pupo

2023

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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Objectives We examine the relationship between political and religious context and juvenile court dispositions, including whether case-level indicators of focal concerns are moderated by community politics and religion. Methods Using a sample of 55,328 juvenile defendants across 175 counties in three states, we first employ multilevel modeling to estimate the direct effects of political and religious context on odds of placement. Second, we examine cross-level interactions between political and religious context, on the one hand, and major case-level predictors of placement, on the other. Results We found mixed support for the hypotheses. While neither political nor religious context were directly associated with odds of placement, religious context moderated several case-level effects. Specifically, findings indicated that violent offenders were punished more harshly in more religious and more religiously homogeneous counties, defendants with a prior record were punished less harshly in more religious and more religiously homogenous counties, Hispanic defendants were punished less harshly in more evangelical counties, and male defendants were punished less harshly in more religiously homogeneous counties. Conclusion Juvenile punishment varies across different courts and systems, yet major contextual hypotheses for this variation (e.g., minority threat) have received limited empirical support. Our findings indicate that other aspects of community context, most notably religiosity, may moderate the relationship between case-level factors and juvenile court punishment.

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Section: Do Political and Religious Context Moderate Focal Concerns?mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Political and Religious Context of Juvenile Punishment: A Multilevel Examination of Juvenile Court Dispositions in Three Southern States

Zane

Pupo

2023

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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“…To the extent that deservingness actually guides decisions about diversion—and decision-making in juvenile justice more generally—there is a need to understand how court actors conceptualize it. As we have emphasized, a large literature in juvenile justice focuses on predicting disposition outcomes and examining recidivism (see, for example, Cottle et al, 2001; Zane & Pupo, 2023). Little of it, however, focuses on how those who work in juvenile justice consider deservingness relative to more consequentialist concerns.…”

Section: Deservingness and The Role Of Mitigation In Diversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Deserves Diversion? A Theoretical Critique of Mitigation, Consequentialism, and the Juvenile Court

Zane

Mears

2023

Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice

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The juvenile court was created as a means of diverting youth from the criminal justice system, and, in turn, diversion within the juvenile court has been used for a variety of purposes. This paper argues that an understanding of diversion, and its implications, requires distinguishing deservingness and consequentialism. Analysis of the former goal entails a focus on mitigation and draws attention to a critical gap in scholarship—namely, how do juvenile courts decide which youth deserve diversion? While risk and needs assessments likely play a role, so, too, may mitigation assessments about which youth are more deserving of interventions that may impose less punishment and more rehabilitation. In advancing this argument, we discuss ways in which a focus on diversion, and on mitigation, help to illuminate fundamental tensions in juvenile justice. We discuss, too, ways in which this focus can help to advance research and policy.

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What Predicts Out-of-Home Placement in Juvenile Court Dispositions? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

The Political and Religious Context of Juvenile Punishment: A Multilevel Examination of Juvenile Court Dispositions in Three Southern States

The Political and Religious Context of Juvenile Punishment: A Multilevel Examination of Juvenile Court Dispositions in Three Southern States

Who Deserves Diversion? A Theoretical Critique of Mitigation, Consequentialism, and the Juvenile Court

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