What lies behind the subjective evaluation of health status?

Kaplan, Giora; Baron‐Epel, Orna

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00179-x

Cited by 240 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…", predicts mortality and other clinical outcomes after controlling for a whole range of biomedical and psychological covariates (Idler & Benyamini, 1997). Attempts to unpick selfassessed health judgements suggest that the processes and factors involved differ between those who rate their health as poor and those who rate their health as good (Benyamini, Leventhal, & Leventhal, 2003, Kaplan & Baron-Epel, 2003. For example, people who rate their health as 05/11/08…”

Section: /11/08mentioning

confidence: 99%

The development and initial validation of a new measure of lay definitions of health: The wellness beliefs scale

Bishop

Yardley

2010

Psychology & Health

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The objective was to develop a psychometrically sound questionnaire measure of lay people's beliefs about the importance of different signs of wellness (the Wellness Beliefs Scale, WBS).Questionnaire items were derived from qualitative literature. 942 people (recruited from the community and patient support groups) participated in 2 cross-sectional studies using paper and web-based questionnaires. Study 1 participants completed the initial version of the WBS. Study 2 participants completed the revised version of the WBS and existing measures of health beliefs, illness perceptions, and health status. Factor analysis confirmed that the WBS measures 3 distinct wellness beliefs: belief in the importance of biomedical (absence of illness), functional (ability to carry out daily tasks), and wellbeing (vitality) indicators of wellness. The 3 resulting subscales all had good internal consistency and could be used to cluster participants into 3 groups. Wellness belief scores were related to gender, health status and subjective health; there were few associations with health beliefs. In conclusion, the WBS is a promising new measure of 3 distinct wellness beliefs, with good initial psychometric properties, which could potentially be used to better target individualised health promotion interventions. Weinman, Petrie, Moss-Morris, & Horne, 1996). This focus on illness rather than health is justifiable, but an extended focus to include the study of health is now being recognised as important. As Lawton (2003) has argued, comparatively little is known about how lay people think about health and yet 'healthy' people are increasingly the subject of health promotion interventions and other forms of medical attention. The need to attend to health beliefs and behaviours, as distinct from illness beliefs and behaviours, was emphasised by Rakowski (1984) and there is a reasonably extensive qualitative literature on lay perceptions of wellness (for a review see Hughner & Kleine, 2004). This study was inspired by and draws on that qualitative literature in order to develop a questionnaire measure of lay definitions of wellness.Despite recent developments in positive psychology, people's perceptions of wellness have not been widely incorporated into main-stream health psychology. There is no established or widely used theoretical framework for thinking about the impact of wellness beliefs on health and illness behaviours and there are no well-validated measures of lay perceptions of wellness.However, three lines of argument suggest that wellness beliefs could be an important construct for and indeed a necessary addition to health psychology.

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Section: /11/08mentioning

confidence: 99%

The development and initial validation of a new measure of lay definitions of health: The wellness beliefs scale

Bishop

Yardley

2010

Psychology & Health

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“…Subramanian et al (2003) found a very large effect of households on poor self-rated health in Chile (VPC of 47%), however they made use solely of the binary indicator (SRH). Van Minh et al (2010) reported a share of only 15% of perceived good health variability among Vietnamese people over 50 which, however, is a different outcome and cannot simply be seen as the other side of the coin of our outcome (Benyamini et al 2003;Kaplan and Baron-Epel 2003;Schüz et al 2011). The only study concerning a developed country is based in the USA (Ferrer et al 2005) and revealed a maximum variability share attributable to the family context of 9.9% for PCS and 15.4% for MCS, controlled for individual covariates The authors used census families, which include all persons related to the household's head by blood or marriage, disregarding the co-residence requisite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Similarity of Perceived Health Between Household Members: The “Mutual Influences” Hypothesis

Giannantoni

Egidi

2018

A Demographic Perspective on Gender, Family and Health in Europe

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“…In these studies, patients, elderly or healthy respondents were asked to complete a global item regarding QoL or health and were subsequently asked how they comprehended that question [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Only Groves et al [17] and Kaplan and BaronEpel [21] additionally addressed the comparison category of Rapkin and Schwartz's model [10], by asking respondents whether they used subjective standards of comparison. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to combine both models in a comprehensive analysis scheme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying quality of life assessment: do theoretical models capture the underlying cognitive processes?

et al. 2008

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Objective To develop an analysis scheme capturing the cognitive processes underlying QoL assessment to increase our understanding on how to interpret responses to QoL items. Tourangeau et al.'s (The psychology of survey response, 2000) and Rapkin and Schwartz' (Health Qual Life Outcomes 2:14, 2004) cognitive process models form the basis for this analysis scheme. Methods We conducted think aloud interviews with six cancer patients prior to and following radiotherapy to elicit the cognitive processes underlying the assessment of 7 EORTC QLQ-C30 items. Content analysis was carried out by two to four researchers independently. Eighty text fragments were analyzed inductively and combined in an iterative process with deductive analyses based on both models.Results We have developed a comprehensive analysis scheme feasible for analyzing the cognitive processes underlying QoL assessment qualitatively. All cognitive components of both models could be distinguished in our data. The cognitive component 'reporting and response selection' needed extension to fully capture the cognitive processes used. Conclusion The two models combined are useful in describing the cognitive processes cancer patients use in answering QoL items, and as such facilitate insight into patients' self-reported QoL assessments. Interestingly, the content of the cognitive processes not only differed between patients but also between items within patients and over time.

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What lies behind the subjective evaluation of health status?

Cited by 240 publications

References 21 publications

The development and initial validation of a new measure of lay definitions of health: The wellness beliefs scale

The development and initial validation of a new measure of lay definitions of health: The wellness beliefs scale

Similarity of Perceived Health Between Household Members: The “Mutual Influences” Hypothesis

Clarifying quality of life assessment: do theoretical models capture the underlying cognitive processes?

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