What Is Your Diagnosis?

Rebhun, Robert B.; Greenberg, Marc J.; Silver, Tawni I.

doi:10.2460/javma.233.11.1691

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Even though lymphoma is the most common tumor of the hemolymphatic system in horses, 8 its prevalence in the equine population is relatively low (0.002–0.05% and 0.2–3.0%, depending on the study), especially when compared with other domestic animals, such as cows, dogs, and cats 3,9 . This low prevalence of equine lymphoma represents a certain risk to exclude this disease from clinical differential diagnosis in horses until the disease becomes chronic and unresponsive to conventional treatments, 7 even more so if the horse is in normal general condition as in this case at initial presentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equine lymphoma is rarely encountered in the ocular region; other organs involved more frequently include lymph nodes, intestines, other viscera, skin, and upper respiratory tract 3 . Ocular lymphoma concerns mainly the adnexa, but may also cause uveitis, corneoscleral masses, or retrobulbar infiltration 4–7 . Even though lymphoma is the most common tumor of the hemolymphatic system in horses, 8 its prevalence in the equine population is relatively low (0.002–0.05% and 0.2–3.0%, depending on the study), especially when compared with other domestic animals, such as cows, dogs, and cats 3,9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular and multicentric lymphoma in a young racehorse

Germann

Richter

Schwarzwald³

et al. 2008

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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A 6-year-old thoroughbred gelding was presented with a history of blepharospasm and opacity in the OS of 1 weeks' duration. Ophthalmic examination findings were consistent with acute uveitis in the OS, and traditional treatment was initiated with systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, topical mydriatics, and corticosteroids. During the total treatment period of 4 weeks response to treatment was weak and the horse developed further problems such as cellulitis of the right hind limb with fever and eventually weight loss and dependent edema. Blood work was indicative of liver disease. Abdominal sonography revealed severe splenomegaly and slight hepatomegaly, and a liver biopsy confirmed malignant T-cell lymphoma. The horse was euthanized due to deteriorating general condition and subsequently underwent postmortem examination. Necropsy and histologic examination revealed a multicentric lymphoma with involvement of spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and OU.The findings in this case demonstrate that the differential diagnosis of intraocular and systemic lymphoma should be considered in any horse presenting with anterior uveitis, especially when uveitis is unresponsive to treatment and when additional systemic signs of illness such as lethargy, fever, weight loss, or dependent edema arise.Cytological examination of aqueous humor may provide a rapid diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma in eyes with clinical uveitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular and multicentric lymphoma in a young racehorse

Germann

Richter

Schwarzwald³

et al. 2008

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…Although lipomas can often be suspected based on their radiographic or ultrasonographic appearance, distinguishing infarcted or necrotic lipomas from malignant lesions can prove challenging, even with advanced imaging techniques such as CT, as both can exhibit a heterogeneous appearance, with hyperattenuating components/streaks. These regions most likely represent areas of nonlipogenic sarcoma (in liposarcomas), necrosis, hemorrhage, fibrocollagenous septation, and/or residual muscular bands (in infiltrative lipomas) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fine‐needle aspirates of body cavity lipomas might yield an eosinophilic, proteinaceous background containing abundant free lipid and tissue debris, with variable blood contamination and macrophagic/granulomatous inflammation . Necrotic fat has varied cytomorphologies that could be confused with keratinized or mineralized debris.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐needle aspirate of a large mass in the ventral peritoneal space of a dog

Conrado

Spoldi

Kieran

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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| CASE PRESENTATIONAn 11-year-old, neutered male, Labradoodle was presented to the University of Florida's Small Animal Hospital for restaging of a meibomian gland carcinoma removed from his right inferior eyelid 3 years prior. On presentation, the dog had multiple masses throughout the body, including several subcutaneous lipomas and a cutaneous keratin-filled lesion between the ears, which were diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration and cytologic evaluation. A CBC and chemistry profile revealed a mild normocytic normochromic anemia (packed cell volume [PCV] 37%, reference interval [RI] 40-56; mean corpuscular volume [MCV] 69.2 fL, RI 64.0-74.0; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 34.3, RI 33.0-38.0) and a moderately increased ALT activity (303 U/L, RI 18.0-64.0). A triple-phase helical computed tomography (CT) of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis was performed for metastasis screening. A welldefined, heterogeneous, fat-and fluid-attenuating, bilobed mass was found within the left ventral peritoneal space, between the greater curvature of the stomach and the spleen, and ventral to the transverse colon. The mass measured approximately 12.0 × 6.5 × 6.5 cm (L × H × W) and was characterized by a soft tissue, contrast-enhancing capsule, a large, fluid-filled, non-contrast enhancing, irregularly margined central component, and multiple linear hyperattenuating striations within the fat-attenuating, non-contrast enhancing periphery (Figure 1). Multiple, hyperattenuating striations were seen within the peritoneal fat surrounding the mass. A fine-needle aspirate was submitted for cytologic evaluation (Figure 2).

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“…Blindness may lead to a horse being retired early, or even subjected to euthanasia. Both situations are coupled with emotional, as well as financial concerns for their owners (Abrams & Brooks, 1990;Gerding & Gilger, 2016;Rebhun, 1979).Topical and/or systemic medical (immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory) therapy are the foundation of any ERU treatment.However, medical therapy alone insufficiently controls or suppresses acute inflammation or prevents recurrent intraocular inflammation. In such instances, surgical intervention may be indicated (Allbaugh, 2017;Spiess, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Equine recurrent uveitis—A review

Fischer

Brehm

Reese³

et al. 2022

Equine Veterinary Education

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According to recent studies from Canada and the south-eastern United States, approximately one third of the horses evaluated were bilaterally blind at their first ophthalmologic examination (Gerding & Gilger, 2016;Sandmeyer et al., 2017). These results demonstrate the need for early referral in cases diagnosed with ERU, even if the recognisable signs are mild. Blindness may lead to a horse being retired early, or even subjected to euthanasia. Both situations are coupled with emotional, as well as financial concerns for their owners (Abrams & Brooks, 1990;Gerding & Gilger, 2016;Rebhun, 1979).Topical and/or systemic medical (immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory) therapy are the foundation of any ERU treatment.However, medical therapy alone insufficiently controls or suppresses acute inflammation or prevents recurrent intraocular inflammation. In such instances, surgical intervention may be indicated (Allbaugh, 2017;Spiess, 2010). Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and suprachoroidal cyclosporine implant (SCI) placement are both recognised and effective surgical treatment options for ERU (Frühauf

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What Is Your Diagnosis?

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Ocular and multicentric lymphoma in a young racehorse

Ocular and multicentric lymphoma in a young racehorse

Fine‐needle aspirate of a large mass in the ventral peritoneal space of a dog

Equine recurrent uveitis—A review

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