What is the maximum efficiency with which photosynthesis can convert solar energy into biomass?

Zhu, Xin‐Guang; Long, Stephen P.; Ort, Donald R.

doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2008.02.004

Cited by 909 publications

(601 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The tree as a model for photo-bioreactors; it has a high surface to volume ratio and provides air channels for gas flow and diffusion. [75]. Cultivation in closed bioreactors offers some advantages over agriculture.…”

Section: Concepts For Improved Photo-bioreactor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, high concentrations can be reached faster with a lower dark volume fraction. Assuming that a given fraction of the incident light is converted to cell mass (usually photon conversion efficiency PCE Sol o5% full spectrum [16]), then the produced cell mass is diluted in a smaller volume in case of thin film reactor leading faster to high cell densities. Of course, medium composition has to be adjusted to these high concentrations.…”

Section: Interactions Between Physiology and Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Future photo-bioreactors have to be improved to allow for better photosynthetic efficiencies (PCE) close to the theoretical maximum [16], to achieve higher biomass concentrations, to reduce auxiliary energy to a minimum and to be available with low investment cost. Mass transfer seems still to be a problem [54].…”

Section: Concepts For Improved Photo-bioreactor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Design principles of photo‐bioreactors for cultivation of microalgae

Posten

2009

Engineering in Life Sciences

655

355

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The present hype in microalgae biotechnology has shown that the topic of photobioreactors has to be revisited with respect to availability in really large scale measured in hectars footprint area, minimization of cost, auxiliary energy demand as well as maintenance and life span. This review gives an overview about present designs and the basic limiting factors which include light distribution to avoid saturation kinetics, mixing along the light gradient to make use of light/ dark cycles, aeration and mass transfer along the vertical or horizontal main axis for carbon dioxide supply and oxygen removal and last but not least the energy demand necessary to fulfil these tasks. To make comparison of the performance of different designs easier, a commented list of performance parameters is given. Based on these critical points recent developments in the areas of membranes for gas transfer and optical structures for light transfer are discussed. The fundamental starting point for the optimization of photo-bioprocesses is a detailed understanding of the interaction between the bioreactor in terms of mass and light transfer as well as the microalgae physiology in terms of light and carbon uptake kinetics and dynamics.

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Section: Concepts For Improved Photo-bioreactor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interactions Between Physiology and Reactor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Concepts For Improved Photo-bioreactor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Design principles of photo‐bioreactors for cultivation of microalgae

Posten

2009

Engineering in Life Sciences

655

355

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“…Forage output from pastures varies mainly in response to changes in physical variables, including solar radiation, temperature, and water availability, considered alone or in combination (Villa Nova et al, 2004;Detomini et al, 2005;Zhu et al, 2008). However, according to these authors, the estimation of patterns and the quantification of these responses for different climate conditions in Brazil are limited by the shortage of information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…bras., Brasília, v.47, n.4, p. 471-477, abr. 2012 better planning and control of forage production within a concept of forage budgeting (Barioni et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry matter production of Tanzania grass as a function of agrometeorological variables

Pezzopane

Santos

Mendonça

et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to develop and validate linear regression models to estimate the production of dry matter by Tanzania grass (Megathyrsus maximus, cultivar Tanzania) as a function of agrometeorological variables. For this purpose, data on the growth of this forage grass from 2000 to 2005, under dry-field conditions in São Carlos, SP, Brazil, were correlated to the following climatic parameters: minimum and mean temperatures, degree-days, and potential and actual evapotranspiration. Simple linear regressions were performed between agrometeorological variables (independent) and the dry matter accumulation rate (dependent). The estimates were validated with independent data obtained in São Carlos and Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The best statistical results in the development and validation of the models were obtained with the agrometeorological parameters that consider thermal and water availability effects together, such as actual evapotranspiration, accumulation of degree-days corrected by water availability, and the climatic growth index, based on average temperature, solar radiation, and water availability. These variables can be used in simulations and models to predict the production of Tanzania grass.Index terms: Panicum maximum, climatic growth index, degree-days, evapotranspiration, modeling. Produção de matéria seca de capim-tanzânia em função de variáveis agrometeorológicasResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar modelos de regressão linear para a estimativa de produção de matéria seca de capim-tanzânia (Megathyrsus maximus, cultivar Tanzania) em função de variáveis agrometeorológicas. Para tanto, dados de períodos de crescimento da forragem entre 2000 e 2005, em condições de sequeiro em São Carlos, SP, foram correlacionados aos seguintes parâmetros climáticos: temperaturas mínima e média, graus-dia, evapotranspiração potencial e atual. Foram realizadas regressões lineares simples entre as variáveis agrometeorológicas (independentes) e a taxa média de acúmulo (dependente). As estimativas foram validadas com dados independentes obtidos em São Carlos e Piracicaba, SP. Os melhores resultados estatísticos observados no desenvolvimento e na validação dos modelos foram obtidos para parâmetros agrometeorológicos que levem em consideração o efeito térmico e hídrico conjuntamente, como evapotranspiração real, acúmulo de graus-dia corrigido pela disponibilidade hídrica e índice climático de crescimento, baseado na temperatura média, na radiação solar e na disponibilidade hídrica. Essas variáveis podem ser utilizadas em simulações e modelos para prever a produção do capim-tanzânia.Termos para indexação: Panicum maximum, índice climático de crescimento, graus-dia, evapotranspiração, modelagem.

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Engineering isoprene synthesis in cyanobacteria

Chaves

Melis

2018

FEBS Letters

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The renewable production of isoprene (Isp) hydrocarbons, to serve as fuel and synthetic chemistry feedstock, has attracted interest in the field recently. Isp (C H ) is naturally produced from sunlight, CO and H O photosynthetically in terrestrial plant chloroplasts via the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway and emitted in the atmosphere as a response to heat stress. Efforts to institute a high capacity continuous and renewable process have included heterologous expression of the Isp synthesis pathway in photosynthetic microorganisms. This review examines the premise and promise emanating from this relatively new research effort. Also examined are the metabolic engineering approaches applied in the quest of renewable Isp hydrocarbons production, the progress achieved so far, and barriers encountered along the way.

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What is the maximum efficiency with which photosynthesis can convert solar energy into biomass?

Cited by 909 publications

References 32 publications

Design principles of photo‐bioreactors for cultivation of microalgae

Design principles of photo‐bioreactors for cultivation of microalgae

Dry matter production of Tanzania grass as a function of agrometeorological variables

Engineering isoprene synthesis in cyanobacteria

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