What is the identity of a sports spectator?

Appelbaum, Lawrence G.; Cain, Matthew S.; Darling, Elise F.; Stanton, Steven J.; Nguyen, Mai Thi; Mitroff, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.048

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This includes analysing the reasons for attending sports events and which factors are related to the overall sports experience, for example: talking about past events with social contacts, or listening to the results via news or radio (Melnick and Wann 2010). Furthermore, watching sports is tied to a range of social relationships, and an individual's sports viewing habits also influence behaviour in other aspects of their life (Appelbaum et al 2012). Trail and James (2001) focused their research on the motivational reasons underlying sports spectating by developing the MSSC.…”

Section: Understanding Esports Through Sports Spectatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A range of motivational drivers have been identified, e.g. drama, escapism, and social interaction (Appelbaum et al 2012;Trail and James 2001), see Table 1, below, for the complete list of MSSC constructs. These factors range from empathising with the achievements of the players to socialising with other spectators.…”

Section: Understanding Esports Through Sports Spectatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does esports spectating influence game consumption?

Macey

Tyrväinen

Pirkkalainen

et al. 2020

Behaviour & Information Technology

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Contemporary digital technologies have facilitated practices related to games whereby users often produce and consume content for free. To date, research into consumer interactions has largely focused on in-game factors, however, the intention to both play the game and to make in-game purchases are influenced by outside factors, including game streams and game-centred communities. In particular, the growth of competitive gaming, known as esports, offers a new channel for consumer engagement. This research explores the potential for esports to be a significant factor in understanding both intentions to play and spend money on games. Our study draws from Motivations Scale of Sports Consumption to empirically investigate the relationship between esports spectating motivations and game consumption: Watching Intention, Gaming Intention, and Purchasing Intention. This survey uses structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse data collected from a sample of video game players (n = 194). This research contributes empirical evidence of the relationship between esports spectating and game consumption, with the relationship between Watching Intention and Gaming Intention found to be particularly strong. Finally, while the MSSC is an adequate measure for esports spectating, additional aspects specific to esports require further investigation, consequently, there may be more optimal measures which can be developed.

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Section: Understanding Esports Through Sports Spectatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Understanding Esports Through Sports Spectatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does esports spectating influence game consumption?

Macey

Tyrväinen

Pirkkalainen

et al. 2020

Behaviour & Information Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The videos were then uploaded to a private online repository and embedded into the online form. For each video we gave participants three tasks, designed by an expert tennis player, to represent the game and player's actions: one of the fundamental needs of spectators [14]: T1: Which player (server or receiver) won the point? T2: Can you describe the movement of the ball?…”

Section: Questionnaire and User Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Did You See That!?’ Enhancing the Experience of Sports Media Broadcast for Blind People

Goncu

Finnegan

2021

Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021

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Accessibility in sports media broadcast (SMB) remains a problem for blind spectators who wish to socialize and watch sports with friends and family. Although popular, radio's reliance on low bandwidth speech results in an overwhelming experience for blind spectators. In this paper we focused on two core issues: (i) how SMB can be augmented to convey diegetic information more effectively, and (ii) the social context in which SMB are consumed. We chose tennis broadcasts for our investigations. Addressing issue (i), we developed a system design and prototype to enhance the experience of watching tennis matches, focusing on blind spectators using audio descriptions and 3D audio, and evaluated our system with (n=12) in a controlled user evaluation. Our results indicate how audio descriptions gave clear information for the tennis ball placements, 3D audio provided subtle cues for the ball direction, and radio provided desired human commentary. For issue (ii), we conducted an online questionnaire (n=15) investigating the social context in which blind spectators consume SMB. Participant feedback indicated there is a demand for more accessible SMB content such that people can consume SMB by themselves and with their friends. Participants were enthusiastic for a revised system design mixing elements from 3D audio and audio description. We discuss our results in the context of social SMB spectatorship, concluding with insights into accessible SMB technologies.

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“…The visualness of football, which is visually presented to the service of sports consumers and which cannot be dissolved by mass media for days, even though it is controversial that it is followed or followed for different dimensions and reasons, is indisputable (Appelbaum, et al 2012). The fact that football is a sport that exceeds universal boundaries and is loved and followed all over the world has allowed it to escape from other sports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Football Teams and Levels Supported by University Students

Karahüseyinoğlu¹

2019

JETS

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Football and its propensity have been spread globally, leading to the division/unification of the masses. The prevalence of football in the world has been a source of many researches.The aim of the study is to determine the football team support levels of the university students and the football teams supported. The research “football team supported by university students and self-defined levels of follow-up (“fanatical”, “team supporter” and “football lover”) are different, based on the basic hypothesis. The opinion poll developed by the researchers for the purpose of the research consisted of five questions. The data transferred to the computer environment, as a result of the percent, frequency and Chi-Square analyses, provided literature support in the light of scientific data and resulted in general conclusions for the purposes of the research.The survey, which was developed by the researcher to test the hypothesis of the research, consisted of five questions aimed at determining the gender, age, class, supported football team and support level. They were asked to determine the level of support they considered appropriate after giving information about team support types such as “football lover”, “team supporter” and “fanatic”. Only their own information is included in the questions. These questions are for the opinions of university students.92) it is high. The data collection tool used in the study is a personal (opinion) data survey, not scale.893 university students attended the study in different departments, 68% of them were male. 40.4% of the participants support Galatasaray, 35.5% support Fenerbahce and 24.1% support Besiktas teams. The university students who define themselves as fanatic (26.4%) are less than those who define football fans (37.5%) and team supporters (36.1%).In a gender-based analysis, it was observed that the ratio of women who define themselves as fanatic was 8.4% in males and 35% in females. Different levels of follow-up between women and men are significant when compared to Chi-square analysis.Among the university students, it was observed that the fans of Galatasaray were more than the others. 28.8% of the Galatasaray, 27.4% of the Besiktas Fenerbahceliler 23% of them identified as fanatic.

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What is the identity of a sports spectator?

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Does esports spectating influence game consumption?

Does esports spectating influence game consumption?

‘Did You See That!?’ Enhancing the Experience of Sports Media Broadcast for Blind People

Football Teams and Levels Supported by University Students

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