What is the evidence for the safety and efficacy of over-the-counter cough and cold preparations for children younger than six years of age?

Dolansky, Gillian; Rieder, Michael J.

doi:10.1093/pch/13.2.125

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Medications used include mucolytic agents (to reduce the thickness of mucus), decongestants and antitussives (to suppress cough). Cough suppression may lead to accumulation of secretions, airway obstruction and hypoxaemia . Some cough medications contain active ingredients that have been associated with serious adverse reactions including arrhythmias, behavioural disturbances, respiratory depression and even death .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cough suppression may lead to accumulation of secretions, airway obstruction and hypoxaemia . Some cough medications contain active ingredients that have been associated with serious adverse reactions including arrhythmias, behavioural disturbances, respiratory depression and even death . Many studies, mainly in Europe and North America, have shown widespread use of cough mixtures, mainly decongestants and antitussive medications and report that up to 6% of all visits to the emergency department could be secondary to adverse drug events in children under 12 years using cough medicines .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inappropriate prescription of cough remedies among children hospitalised with respiratory illness over the period 2002–2015 in Kenya

Maina

Akech

Mwaniki

et al. 2017

Tropical Med Int Health

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ObjectiveTo examine trends in prescription of cough medicines over the period 2002–2015 in children aged 1 month to 12 years admitted to Kenyan hospitals with cough, difficulty breathing or diagnosed with a respiratory tract infection.MethodsWe reviewed hospitalisation records of children included in four studies providing cross‐sectional prevalence estimates from government hospitals for six time periods between 2002 and 2015. Children with an atopic illness were excluded. Amongst eligible children, we determined the proportion prescribed any adjuvant medication for cough. Active ingredients in these medicines were often multiple and were classified into five categories: antihistamines, antitussives, mucolytics/expectorants, decongestants and bronchodilators. From late 2006, guidelines discouraging cough medicine use have been widely disseminated and in 2009 national directives to decrease cough medicine use were issued.ResultsAcross the studies, 17 963 children were eligible. Their median age and length of hospital stay were comparable. The proportion of children who received cough medicines shrank across the surveys: approximately 6% [95% CI: 5.4, 6.6] of children had a prescription in 2015 vs. 40% [95% CI: 35.5, 45.6] in 2002. The most common active ingredients were antihistamines and bronchodilators. The relative proportion that included antihistamines has increased over time.ConclusionsThere has been an overall decline in the use of cough medicines among hospitalised children over time. This decline has been associated with educational, policy and mass media interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inappropriate prescription of cough remedies among children hospitalised with respiratory illness over the period 2002–2015 in Kenya

Maina

Akech

Mwaniki

et al. 2017

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…Ненаркотичні протикашльові засоби цен тральної дії мають виразний протикашльовий ефект, але водночас не пригнічують дихальний центр, не гальмують діяльність шлунково киш кового тракту та не викликають розвитку меди каментозної залежності [11].…”

Section: рекомендації щодо лікування гострого неважкого кашлю у дітей [20]unclassified

Cough in children: treatment options

Kramarov¹,

Zakordonets²

2018

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Кашель -одна з найчастіших скарг, з якою звертаються до лікаря. Лікування кашлю у дітей потребує індивідуального підходу залежно від характеру кашлю, консистенції бронхіального слизу, об'єму мокротиння, віку дитини, особливостей нозологічної форми тощо. Лікарські засоби лінійки Пектолван -«Пектолван Стоп», «Пектолван Плющ», «Пектолван Ц» -створені для забезпечення принципу індивідуального підходу до лікування кашлю у дорослих і дітей.

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“…The use of over-the-counter cough and cold medicines (CCM) has become controversial [3,4] , Indeed, studies have demonstrated that although CCM are effective in adults, benefits of such drugs cannot be proven in children, and they have serious adverse effects. In the United States, 20 deaths related to the use of CCM between 2000 and 2007 were reported [4] . Drugs containing more than one of the active ingredients such as phenylephrine, dextromethorphan, pseudoephedrine, guaiphenesin, and diphenhydramine agents have been held responsible for most of these cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The awareness of physicians working in Kayseri age regulations related to the use of cough and cold medicines in children

Turanoglu¹

2018

Haydarpasa Numune Med J

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Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine the awareness of physicians concerning the age limit regulations related to the use of cough and cold medicines (CCM) in children. Methods: A questionnaire including 12 questions was distributed to 180 pediatricians in Kayseri. In the first part of the questionnaire, the questions were covering demographic characteristics. In the second part, physicians were asked about the drugs they were prescribing and that were among 30 drugs for which the age limits were changed. Results: Of the180 practitioners who participated in the study, 91 (50.56%) were aware of a new regulation on the age limits and CCM use. However, only 5 physicians involved in the study (2.77%) preferred the new arrangement where the appropriate age for all the drugs was determined. Discussion and Conclusion: Physicians' awareness about the new regulations regarding the age limits and CCM use was at a low level. Integrating up-to-date drug guidelines into hospital and family medicine information management systems will contribute significantly to the elimination of such shortcomings.

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What is the evidence for the safety and efficacy of over-the-counter cough and cold preparations for children younger than six years of age?

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Inappropriate prescription of cough remedies among children hospitalised with respiratory illness over the period 2002–2015 in Kenya

Inappropriate prescription of cough remedies among children hospitalised with respiratory illness over the period 2002–2015 in Kenya

Cough in children: treatment options

The awareness of physicians working in Kayseri age regulations related to the use of cough and cold medicines in children

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