What is the Effect of Resistance Training on the Strength, Body Composition and Psychosocial Status of Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

While the effect of resistance training on the body composition and strength of overweight and obese children and adolescents is clear, given the paucity of conclusive data more studies are needed to fully understand the effect of resistance training on the psychosocial status of this population.

Long-Term Athletic Development, Part 2

“…Impor-tantly, this risk is reduced to a greater extent when VOLUME 00 | NUMBER 00 | MONTH 2015 | 3 the TM LTAD for all Youth conditioning activities are introduced to youth at an early age ( 9 2). Collectively, the data support the premise that a training philosophy based on targeting muscular strength and fundamental movement skills within a well-rounded training program is a suitable approach for obese and over-weight youth, much in the same way training prescription is viewed for normal weight children and adolescents ( 110). Crucially, to maximize their participation in physical activity into adulthood, obese, and overweight youth should be encouraged to adhere to the hallmarks of existing long-term athletic development theory (58) as an ongoing lifestyle commitment.…”

“…Historically, physical activity interventions aimed at preventing or treating overweight and obese youth (especially children) have focused on aerobic exercise (4,110). However, such training modalities can be problematic in terms of compliance and adherence (110).…”

“…Historically, physical activity interventions aimed at preventing or treating overweight and obese youth (especially children) have focused on aerobic exercise (4,110). However, such training modalities can be problematic in terms of compliance and adherence (110). Conversely, training interventions inclusive of motor skill training, strength and power training, and sprint training have all shown relatively high adherence rates in training interventions ranging from 8 to 52 weeks in duration ( 71,110,112,113).…”

“…However, such training modalities can be problematic in terms of compliance and adherence (110). Conversely, training interventions inclusive of motor skill training, strength and power training, and sprint training have all shown relatively high adherence rates in training interventions ranging from 8 to 52 weeks in duration ( 71,110,112,113). The increased adherence rates associated with neuromuscular training for obese and overweight youth is not surprising given the heightened imposed demands of handling excess body mass for prolonged periods of weight-bearing exercise, in comparison with their normal weight peers.…”

Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms

“…Through our systematic review, we mapped a range of potential mechanisms 6 62 Resistance training self-effi cacy + NS Self-esteem (+) Exercise self-effi cacy + NS Physical self-concept N NS Seabra et al (2014) 63 Body image + NR Self-esteem (+) Perceived sport competence + NR Velez et al (2010) 64 Perceived corresponding to neurobiological, psychosocial, and behavioral hypotheses previously described. The strongest evidence was found for improvements in physical selfperceptions that accompanied enhanced self-esteem in the majority of studies measuring these outcomes.…”