What is behind the epidemiological difference between community-acquired and health-care associated methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>?

Figueiredo, Agnes Marie Sá

doi:10.1080/21505594.2017.1335847

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…HA infections of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were first reported in the 1960s [ 307 ], but rarely affected non-hospitalised healthy people and failed to spread efficiently within the community. This was generally attributed to the fitness cost imposed upon HA-MRSA through acquisition of antibiotic resistance elements [ 308 ], and is consistent with studies that reported HA-MRSA being generally more drug-resistant [ 305 , 309 ] and have reduced fitness and virulence [ 310 ] than CA-MRSA. Nevertheless, HA-MRSA clones remain a major cause of nosocomial infections globally [ 307 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus

Walker

Oliveira

2022

Microorganisms

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Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus are both common commensals and major opportunistic human pathogens. In recent decades, these bacteria have acquired broad resistance to several major classes of antibiotics, including commonly employed glycopeptides. Exemplified by resistance to vancomycin, glycopeptide resistance is mediated through intrinsic gene mutations, and/or transferrable van resistance gene cassette-carrying mobile genetic elements. Here, this review will discuss the epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and S. aureus in healthcare, community, and agricultural settings, explore vancomycin resistance in the context of van and non-van mediated resistance development and provide insights into alternative therapeutic approaches aimed at treating drug-resistant Enterococcus and S. aureus infections.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus

Walker

Oliveira

2022

Microorganisms

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“…In the last decade, several papers describing the isolation, biological and genomic characterization of S. aureus bacteriophages have been published [9,11,33]. As bacteriophages tend to be more specific than antibiotics [4] and since properties of pathogenic strains of MRSA can differ based on a variety of factors [34,35,36], there is a tendency to focus on strains and phages obtained locally [8,10,37]. So far, there is a lack of information on the bacteriophages active against clinical isolates from Gdansk region, Poland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Three New Kayviruses and Their Lytic Activity Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2019

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The development of antimicrobial resistance has become a global concern. One approach to overcome the problem of drug resistance is the application of bacteriophages. This study aimed at characterizing three phages isolated from sewage, which show lytic activity against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Morphology, genetics and biological properties, including host range, adsorption rate, latent time, phage burst size and lysis profiles, were studied in all three phages. As analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), phages vB_SauM-A, vB_SauM-C, vB_SauM-D have a myovirion morphology. One of the tested phages, vB_SauM-A, has relatively rapid adsorption (86% in 17.5 min), short latent period (25 min) and extremely large burst size (~500 plaque-forming units (PFU) per infected cell). The genomic analysis revealed that vB_SauM-A, vB_SauM-C, vB_SauM-D possess large genomes (vB_SauM-A 139,031 bp, vB_SauM-C 140,086 bp, vB_SauM-D 139,088 bp) with low G+C content (~30.4%) and are very closely related to the phage K (95–97% similarity). The isolated bacteriophages demonstrate broad host range against MDR S. aureus strains, high lytic activity corresponding to strictly virulent life cycle, suggesting their potential to treat S. aureus infections.

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“…CA-MRSA strains vary from HA-MRSA bacteria in several ways, including the formation of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL), high-level sensitivity to non β-lactam antibiotics, and carriage of staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCCmec) types IV and V 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Carriage of Community Acquired and Inducible Dormant Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Healthcare Workers of Mansoura University Children's Hospital

Mostafa

Badr

Zeid

et al. 2022

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage, subsequent infection and potential transmission of nosocomial infection. Characterization of MRSA detected in HCWs would give data that can be used for prevention and control measures. Objectives: To detect the prevalence and risk factors for MRSA nasal colonization of HCWs in Mansoura University Children's Hospital (MUCH), then determine if the sources of MRSA isolates are community or hospital acquired by detection of SCCmec IV and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) genes. Methodology: Nasal swabs were collected from 100 HCWs and processed to detect Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains, cefoxitin disc diffusion test of S. aureus isolates was done to select MRSA and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains, then all the MRSA isolates were further molecularly characterized. MSSA strains were screened for the presence of mecA gene. A second follow up swab was obtained from positive MRSA carriers in the first swab after three months. Results: The Prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA among HCWs in MUCH was 25% (twenty-five MRSA) isolates, four of them SCCmec IV and PVL positive CA-MRSA strains (16%) and four MSSA (4%) isolates were all mecA negative, none of them were inducible dormant Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ID-MRSA). Persistent MRSA carriers accounted for 52 % of previously colonized HCWs. Conclusion: a considerable proportion of HCWs harbored CA-MRSA in their nares.

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What is behind the epidemiological difference between community-acquired and health-care associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus

Vancomycin Resistance in Enterococcus and Staphylococcus aureus

Characterization of the Three New Kayviruses and Their Lytic Activity Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Nasal Carriage of Community Acquired and Inducible Dormant Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Healthcare Workers of Mansoura University Children's Hospital

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