What is a Biomarker? From its Discovery to Clinical Application

Majkić-Singh, Nada

doi:10.2478/v10011-011-0029-z

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The significant increase in ApoB and an unchanged TC and LDL-c are responsible for increased small LDL particles which are very unstable for oxidation (24,25). At the same time, the obtained data with apoB underline again the advantage of the apolipoprotein peptide as a better discriminator for earlier detection of the cardiovascular risk (26,27). The lipid changes in MS(+) patients in creased the risk for coronary events and our obtained data confirm ox-LDL and apoB as key laboratory indicators for the prevention and treatment of cardio vascular diseases in patients with the metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Inflammation Markers in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome

Korita¹,

Bulo²,

Langlois³

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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Summary Background: The clinical value and the interrelationship of HDL and the metabolic syndrome were studied using plasma levels of TNF-a, IL 6, IL 10, IL 8, IL 1beta, IL 2R in patients with cardiovascular stenosis. Methods: On the basis of exclusion criteria, we recruited 198 male and female patients aged 45 to 75 years with CVD and 43 patients with MS. Patients were subdivided into %stenosis according to the CASS guidelines. Lipids were measured on an Olympus AU640 analyzer. Ox-LDL was measured by the immunosorbent assay and MDA by HPLC. Cytokines were analysed with DPC Immulite 1000. Statistical tests were performed using SPSS for Windows, 14.0 & Medcalc. Results: Ox-LDL and apoB were significantly higher in the MS(+) patient group (88.7 U/L) compared to the MS(-) group (77.5 U/L). Ox-LDL showed a positive correlation (P=0.001) with LDL-C, apoB and MDA. There was a higher concentration of HDL in the patient group MS(-), which was confirmed by a non-significant (P=0.849) change of apoA(I) from 1.267 g/L in the MS(+) to 1.275 g/L in the MS(-) group. A light significant increase of IL 10 (P=0.05) in MS(+) patients was observed, and the other analysed inflammation markers were mostly unchanged. MS has no direct association with the cytokine production. Conclusions: Ox-LDL and apoB were significantly higher in the MS(+) patient group. In a multiple regression analysis for ox-LDL, apoB (P=0.003) emerged as a strong predictor of the ox-LDL concentration, independent of age, gender, BMI and smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Inflammation Markers in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome

Korita¹,

Bulo²,

Langlois³

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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“…In fact, 65% of cTn elevations in patients with negative coronary angiograms represent a true positive for heart disease, although most of these patients do not have AMI (75)(76)(77)(78). Recent guidelines also consider those cTn elevations not to be FP (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

False Positive Troponin – A True Problem

Koraćević¹,

Ćosić²,

Stojanović³

2013

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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Summary Cardiac troponins have a crucial role in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction, but have been considered by some authors to have a high false positive rate. Such opinions may decrease the confidence in troponin with important clinical consequences. The aim of the paper is to analyze three different meanings of the phrase »false positive troponin«: A) analytic (technical) false positive, with no real myocardial damage; B) false positive considering AMI: cardiac injury is present, but there is no AMI; C) false positive considering CAD: there is myocardial damage, but no CAD. The most frequent and the most important source of misunderstanding is the confusion between aspects A) and B). Namely, there has been a relatively small percentage of false positive troponin elevations due to analytic reasons. On the contrary, there has been a re - latively large percentage of »false positive« results in patients with myocardial necrosis due to causes other than AMI; for them - instead of »FP troponin elevation« - another phrase ought to be used, e.g., »non-AMI troponin elevation « until the etiopathogenesis in an individual patient is recognized. The phrase »false positive troponin« should be restricted to the artificial increase in troponin due to preanalytic and analytic reasons. By doing so, we may decrease the degree of confusion about troponin and increase the confidence in this highly specific marker of myocardial injury. The possibility of an analytic false positive result should always be kept in mind when one interprets elevated troponin.

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“…Yet, many of these deaths can be avoided by early detection, treatment and cure [2]. Tumor markers can express cancer occurrence and growth [3].…”

Section: Simultaneous Detection Of Multiple Tumor Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of immunoprobes for electrochemical multiplexed tumor marker detection

Ma¹,

Liu

2015

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics

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Many approaches have been developed for simultaneous detection of multiple tumor markers. Among these approaches, the electrochemical immunoassay has the advantage of high sensitivity and specificity and could be easily expanded into multiplex detection platform. For the simultaneous multianalyte electrochemical immunosensor, performance is closely related with the characteristics of the immunoprobes and substrate. In order to construct a multilabeled immunoprobe platform, the most important issue is how to discriminate each signal for each analyte from the multiple antigen-antibody reactions. Currently, enzyme-based, noble metal nanomaterials, carbonmaterials and polymer-based nanomaterial immunoprobes have been used for dual- or three-analyte detections. However, there are still some challenges in developing sensitive method to detect three or more tumor markers owing to the lack of redox-active species that can produce three or more distinctive peaks. Additionally, for the immunosensing substrate, good conductivity, high specific surface area and good biocompatibility are further necessities.

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What is a Biomarker? From its Discovery to Clinical Application

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Inflammation Markers in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome

Inflammation Markers in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome

False Positive Troponin – A True Problem

Design of immunoprobes for electrochemical multiplexed tumor marker detection

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