What has Happened to the Urban Population in Côte d'Ivoire Since the 1980s? An Analysis of Monetary Poverty and Deprivation Over 15 Years of Household Data

Abstract

L'objet de ce travail est d'étudier l'évolution de la pauvreté urbaine en Côte d'Ivoire depuis les années 1980. On s'attache à rendre compte de plusieurs dimensions de la pauvreté, à vérifier, par des techniques de la dominance, la robustesse des tendances observées et à estimer de manière économétrique les déterminants des différentes formes de pauvreté. On montre que la pauvreté de conditions d'existence peut adopter une dynamique différente de celle de la pauvreté monétaire. Sans équivoque, la pauvreté monétaire, après avoir véritablement explosé entre 1985 et 1993, a sensiblement augmenté dans les centres urbains ivoiriens malgré le retour de la croissance. Une approche examinant les conditions d'existence et les capacités des ménages montre, sur la période de croissance, une tendance inverse.

Measuring Pro-Poor Growth in Non-Income Dimensions

“…only on MDG1 is that an improving income situation of households need not automatically imply an improving non-income situation, thus, reaching the other MDGs is not automatically guaranteed (for example, as shown in Klasen (2000) or Grimm, Guénard, and Mesplé-Somps (2002)). While nonincome indicators have recently received more and more attention in the concept and measurement of poverty 5 they have not in the concept of propoor growth and no attempts have been made to measure pro-poor growth on the basis of non-income indicators.…”

“…Thus he directly considers outcomes of poverty like being healthy or being well educated. Based on this approach many empirical poverty assessments including social indicators have been undertaken (e.g., Klasen 2000;Grimm, Guénard, and Mesplé-Somps 2002). However, nonincome indicators are not considered in the pro-poor growth measurement so far.…”

Growth and Poverty in Burkina Faso: A Reassessment of the Paradox

“…The phenomenon of an 'urbanization of poverty' is however not specific to the Burkinabè case and recent studies suggest that it becomes more and more a common feature of several African countries (see e.g. Haddad, Ruel and Garrett, 1999;Grimm, Guénard and Mesplé-Somps, 2002;Azam, 2004). Also, the rise in poverty in the mid-nineties following the drought shows that the population is despite overall decreasing poverty still very vulnerable to macro-economic and climatic shocks.…”

Understanding chronic poverty in urban areas

“…Diverse measurement strategies increase the robustness of analysis and it is increasingly acknowledged that different measures result in different poverty assessments. In a study of the Cote d'Ivoire, Grimm et al (2002Grimm et al ( , pp. 1074Grimm et al ( , 1088 suggest that ".…”