What Factors May Influence Epidemiological Situation of Tuberculosis in Poland and in the World?

Rowińska-Zakrzewska, E; Korzeniewska-Koseła, Maria; Augustynowicz–Kopeć, Ewa; Szturmowicz, Monika

doi:10.5603/piap.2016.0013

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…M. bovis -induced tuberculosis in 2 Polish patients caused by M. bovis, was described for the first time in 2016 [18]. This is a very small number of M. bovis human cases compared with the number of TB patients in Poland and worldwide [19,20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Human as a potential vector of bovine tuberculosis in cattle

Krajewska‐Wędzina¹,

Weiner²,

Anusz³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB, bovine TB) is caused by mycobacteria which are grouped within the MTBC. TB in animals is a highly infectious and progressive disease which can be transmitted to humans. Since 2009, Poland has gained official bTB-free status. Despite the official fact of bTB-free status, a dozen bTB outbreaks are still noted each year. Since 2000 in Poland, every year 1/5 of the national herd is subject to intradermal skin TB testing to control the bTB outbreaks in the cattle population. Application, with 5-year intervals between each government-funded skin test, undoubtedly resulted in financial savings. However it also seems to have caused several adverse and worrying events, e.g. an increase in the number of reactors detected and removed from a single tested herd. The objective of this study was the examination of 898 cattle imputed with bTB infection in Poland between 2008-2012. Materials and method. The study concerned a potential epidemic outbreak with suspected bTB transmission. 20 cows came from 3 herds in the same county located in the same province in southern Poland. Results. 134 MTBC strains were identified. In MIRU-VNTR, all isolates showed the same genetic pattern 322532243421232. Based on molecular investigation, the characteristics of M. bovis strains isolated from cattle from 3 different herds confirmed the common source of this zoonotic disease. Conclusions. Although not bacteriologically proven, everything points to the fact that humans were the vector of bovine tuberculosis transmission between herds. This finding confirms transmission between 3 cattle herds in the Małopolskie Province in southern Poland (Podhale). The outbreak of tuberculosis in animals finally compromised public health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Human as a potential vector of bovine tuberculosis in cattle

Krajewska‐Wędzina¹,

Weiner²,

Anusz³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…For example, according to the ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) criteria, Poland is already the low-incidence country with only 6,444 cases of TB registered in 2016. It should be emphasized that Poland noted a great improvement of epidemiological situation of TB over the past 60 years, illustrated by the decrease in notification rate from 290.4/100,000 inhabitants in 1957 to 16.8/100,000 in 2016 [2,5,12]. In turn, Germany is an interesting example with its high uptake of migrants from Africa and the Middle East: according to the report of the Robert Koch Institute, TB incidence in foreign nationals residing in Germany was 19 times higher than the incidence in German citizens (42.6 vs. 2.2 cases per 100,000 population, respectively) in 2016 [14].…”

Section: Tuberculosis In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Statystycznie 5-15% osób z utajoną postacią gruźlicy rozwinie jej aktywną postać w ciągu swojego życia [3], a jeden pacjent z aktywną chorobą może zarażać od 10-15 osób rocznie. Małe dzieci i osoby starsze są najbardziej narażone [4], a czynniki takie jak niedożywienie, alkoholizm, palenie papierosów i przyjmowanie narkotyków predysponują do reaktywacji nabytej infekcji [4,5].…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

“…Statistically, 5-15% of individuals with latent TB will develop active TB during their lifetime [3], and one patient with an active disease can infect between 10 and 15 people per year. Young children and elderly people are the most vulnerable [4], with factors such as malnutrition, alcoholism, smoking and drug dependence stimulating the reactivation of an acquired TB infection [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immigrants and tuberculosis in Europe – are we prepared for outbreak?

Koper

Pajączek

Kryczka

2020

Pielegniarstwo XXI Wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century

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Introduction. International travel and immigration have led to a rise in the incidence of tuberculosis in European countries, mainly due to migration from Africa and the Middle East.Aim. In this article we point to an additional migration path - from Ukraine - and the threat of tuberculosis associated with this migration and we discuss our preparation for an increase in the incidence of this disease.Discussion. It is estimated that about 1.5-2.5 million Ukrainians work or live in Poland or the EU. This results from the implementation of some EU directives and Polish law regulations, which simplified an access of the Ukrainian citizens to the European labor market. Importantly, Ukraine is one of the 18 high-priority countries to fight tuberculosis in the WHO European Region and among the top 20 highest drug-resistant tuberculosis burden countries in the world. More importantly, there is no unitary tuberculosis screening program for migrants in the EU member states. For this reason, we have no reliable data on tuberculosis burden in any nationality group of immigrants in Europe, including Ukrainians.Conclusions. Nurses have always dealt with infectious diseases, they have always been and will be the last line of defense against the epidemic. Any epidemic, including tuberculosis. Perhaps, in the absence of an integrated tuberculosis policy in Europe, our only future are the experience, skills and dedication of nurses.

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“…The risk factors of LTBI reactivation include: advanced age, poor conditions of life (malnutrition), addictions (alcohol, narcotics, cigarettes), silicosis, other diseases (HIV, diabetes, renal insu ciency, neoplasms), immunosuppressive therapy (especially anti TNF medications) and corticosteroids [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis in Polish Healthcare Workers: The Comparison of Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon-gamma Release Assay (IGRA) Performance.

Szturmowicz

Broniarek-Samson²,

Demkow

2021

Preprint

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Background: Tuberculosis is still one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. Health care workers (HCW) are at particular risk of the disease due to their constant exposure to TB patients or their specimens, nevertheless no specific surveillance is widely recommended in this group of professionals. Both, tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma-release-assays (IGRAs) are widely applied to detect latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and risks of LTBI in the population of Polish HCW, to identify factors associated with LTBI, as well as to determine the rate of the discordance between the results of the two applied tests in relation to various factors in a TB endemic setting.Material and methods: LTBI status was prospectively evaluated in 222 HCW, 204 females, 18 males, aged 40.8±9 years, with tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon gamma release assay (QuantiFERON-TB-Gold in Tube – QFT GIT). Results: TST≥10 mm was found in 58% of HCW, QFT GIT≥0.35 IU/ml in 23%. These results are comparable with previously published data concerning general Polish population, investigated in the same period of time. Nevertheless the relative number of positive QFT GIT in HCW above 45 years of age exceeded those obtained in general population. The risk of obtaining positive QFT GIT was significantly increased in the participants older than 44 years, in those employed >10 years, and in those who reported the direct contact with tuberculous patients or infected biological materials. The concordance between TST and IGRA was poor (kappa 0.23), especially in younger participants, possibly due to BCG vaccination in childhood. Conclusion: The increased risk of LTBI in Polish HCW was related to age, duration of employment and contact with infectious patients or their biological specimens. TB infection control measures in health care facilities in Poland are still insufficient. It is crucial to increase awareness about the importance of detecting and treating LTBI of HCW.

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What Factors May Influence Epidemiological Situation of Tuberculosis in Poland and in the World?

Cited by 6 publications

References 51 publications

Human as a potential vector of bovine tuberculosis in cattle

Human as a potential vector of bovine tuberculosis in cattle

Immigrants and tuberculosis in Europe – are we prepared for outbreak?

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis in Polish Healthcare Workers: The Comparison of Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon-gamma Release Assay (IGRA) Performance.

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