What factors have driven urbanization in China?

Guo, Jiahong; Yu, Zhongqi; Ma, Zihao; Xu, Duanyang; Cao, Shixiong

doi:10.1007/s10668-021-01714-4

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Urbanization is an inevitable trend and essential requirement to advance the progress of human society ( 2 , 3 ), which boosts economic growth by expanding demand ( 4 ). According to The United Nations, in 2020, more than 55% of the world's population live in cities and it is predicted that this proportion will reach 70% by 2050, with 96% of urban growth occurring in developing countries ( 5 ). Urbanization means the whole process of qualitative change from a rural lifestyle to an urban lifestyle ( 6 ), which is usually considered has important consequences for people's living standards and health ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China

Shao

Tao

Luca

2022

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper investigates the impact and non-linear effects of urbanization on health care expenditure in China. The results indicate that urbanization in both Eastern and Central regions can significantly increase health care expenditure. But the impact of urbanization is not significant, which is related to the backward economic development level and low urbanization rate in the Western region. Taking population aging into consideration, the results of the panel threshold regression model imply that the positive relationship between urbanization and health care expenditure becomes greater when the level of population aging exceeds 10.72% in the Eastern region and 7.00% in the Western region. Therefore, in the urbanization process, the government should pay attention to the positive effect of urbanization on health care expenditure, provide more financial support for the construction of medical facilities, and expand the coverage of medical services and security for residents, especially for elderly people.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China

Shao

Tao

Luca

2022

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We used the Hausman specification test results to decide which specification method best fits our needs and data. Equation (1) shows the log-linear form we tested.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scott and Storper [26] and He and Zhu [27] argue that many metropolitan regions in China serve as the primary loci of national growth. Guo et al [1] indicate that export-oriented industrialization explains part of this growth. The economic gains from proximity (agglomeration), technological advances, and a raft of urban-friendly market and trade reforms also help explain some metropolitan areas' urbanization patterns.…”

Section: The Influence Of Industrialization On Urbanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Post-2008 Fiscal Stimulus Packages and the Driving Forces for China’s Urbanization

Wong

Lee

Zhao

et al. 2022

Land

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A growing body of research has sought to determine how different factors have affected urbanization in developed countries over the past decades. Yet, few studies have systematically examined urbanization’s driving forces, particularly in emerging economies. In 2008–2009, the Chinese government announced an economic stimulus program to revitalize an economy struck by the 2007–2008 Global Financial Crisis. This study aims to identify how urbanization’s driving forces evolved under a drastic change in fiscal policy and revisit the conventional urbanization theories in the Chinese context. Using a dataset covering 31 Chinese provinces and spanning the periods 2005–2011 and 2013–2015, we employ panel data regressions to analyze whether such a fiscal arrangement affected urbanization in China. Throughout the entire period, the fiscal stimulus program caused a change in the drivers for urbanization at the national and regional levels. Before the implementation of the program, industrialization drove urbanization. After the program’s implementation, land financialization was crucial in promoting urbanization across the country. Our findings challenge the conventional urbanization theory—industrialization is always the primary driving force of urbanization in emerging economies. Land financialization, a kind of tertiary production, can also drive urbanization significantly.

show abstract

“…Murakami [138], Adams [139], and Liddle [140] pointed out that economic structure has a significant impact on inequality in urbanization in Japan and Africa. Through the quantile regression model, Gou [141] found that industrial structure and the degree of marketization are key factors influencing the development of urbanization, with the contribution increasing with the increase of quantile.…”

Section: Driving Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Driving Mechanism of Urbanization in Small Cities: Case Study from Guangxi

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2022

Land

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urbanization has an abundant connotation in dimensions such as population, economy, land, and society and is an important sign to measure regional economic development and social progress. The use of Night Light Data from remote sensing satellites as a proxy variable can significantly improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the measurement of urbanization development dynamics. Based on the Night Light Data and statistical data from 2015 to 2019, this paper quantitatively analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of urbanization in Guangxi and its driving mechanism using exploratory time-space data analysis, GeoDetector and Matrix: Boston Consulting Group, providing an important basis for sustainable urban development planning and scientific decision-making by the government. The findings show that (1) there is a high level of spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation of urbanization in Guangxi, with the Gini index of urban night light index and urban night light expansion vitality index always greater than 0.5, the global Moran’s I greater than 0.17, the spatial differentiation converging but the spatial correlation increasing. (2) The spatial pattern of urbanization in Guangxi has long been solidified, but there is a differentiation in urban development trend, with the coexistence of urban expansion and shrinkage, requiring differentiated policy design for urban governance. (3) The development and evolution of urbanization in Guangxi present a complex intertwined dynamic mechanism of action, with interaction effects of bifactor enhancement and non-linear enhancement among factors. It should be noted that the influence of factors varies greatly, with the added value of the tertiary industry, gross domestic product, total retail sales of social consumer goods having the strongest direct effect on the urban night light index, while the added value of secondary industry, per capita GDP, gross domestic product having the strongest direct effect on the urban night light expansion vitality index. All of them are key factors, followed by some significant influence factors such as government revenue, population urbanization rate, per government revenue, population urbanization rate, per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents that should not be ignored, and the rest that play indirect roles mainly by interaction.

show abstract

What factors have driven urbanization in China?

Cited by 34 publications

References 50 publications

The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China

The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China

Post-2008 Fiscal Stimulus Packages and the Driving Forces for China’s Urbanization

Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Driving Mechanism of Urbanization in Small Cities: Case Study from Guangxi

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About