The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China

Shao, Q. T.; Tao, Ran; Luca, Magda Mihaela

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.850872

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Economic activity increases pollution and health expenses (16). Globalization increases the urban population, which positively impacts health expenditures (28). The impact of renewable energy on health expenditures is in-line with Sasmaz et al (21).…”

Section: Long-run Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Nevertheless, in the existing literature, a few studies have examined the factors in the health sector. The following sets of studies are in-line with prevalent literature (16, 21, 25,28,34,37). The government's involvement in the health sector spending and investment, and also managing its funds for improvement in sustainable development, must be focused on for better public health.…”

Section: Conclusion and Policy Implicationssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Moreover, Fattahi (27) discovered the reinforcing role of urbanization in escalating health expenditures. Recently, Shao et al (28) analyzed the positive and significant association between urbanization and health expenses. The findings depicted that increasing urban growth leads to increased expenditures on health and behavior (29).…”

Section: Renewable Energy Use Household Waste Urban Population and Pu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Role of household waste, governance quality, and greener energy for public health: Evidence from developed economies

Wei

Xu²,

Zhou³

2022

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the current times, the global economies and international organizations declared that pollution is one of the prominent causes of declined human health. Still, most literature is biased toward economic sustainability and ignores such vital issues. The current study tends to identify the factors affecting public health in the Group of Seven economies except for Italy (G6). Specifically, this study aims to investigate the influence of household waste (HHW), bureaucratic quality (BQ), democratic accountability (DA), urbanization growth (URP), GDP per capita, and renewable energy use (EPR) on public health, throughout 1996-2020. This study uses advanced panel data approaches and finds the heterogeneity of slope coefficients, the dependence of cross-sections, and the persistence of cointegration between the variables. The asymmetric distribution of data leads to employing the novel method of moment quantile regression. The estimated results reveal that URP, GDPPC, and EPR significantly increase domestic general government health expenditures, improving public health. However, HHW and BQ adversely affect public health by reducing health expenditures. The robustness of the results is tested via utilizing the panel quantile regression. Based on the empirical findings, this study suggests policies regarding the improvement in public health expenditure, R&D investment, spending in renewable energy sector, and strengthening of the institutional quality.

show abstract

Section: Long-run Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Conclusion and Policy Implicationssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Renewable Energy Use Household Waste Urban Population and Pu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Role of household waste, governance quality, and greener energy for public health: Evidence from developed economies

Wei

Xu²,

Zhou³

2022

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As shown in Table 8, regarding the validity of the tool variables, the model selected the Hansen test as the overidentification constraint test. The model utilizes the observed values of the threshold variables to estimate the appropriate threshold, thus avoiding the insufficiency of subjective judgment partitions and yielding more accurate results (Shao et al, 2022). The model also verifies whether the residual term is autocorrelated with the firstand second-order sequences by judging the p-value of AR (He al., 2022).…”

Section: Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate change on population urbanization: Evidence from china

Chai

Yang

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate change, which is mainly caused by carbon emissions, has attracted attention worldwide. With the continuous increase in temperature, the urban heat island effect, extreme weather, and water shortages have seriously affected the urbanization process. Through an empirical analysis of panel data from 28 provinces in China from 2006 to 2018, this study examines the impact of climate change-induced temperature changes on the urbanization of China’s population. The results show that the urbanization level has a significant double-threshold effect on the impact of temperature on urbanization. When the urbanization level crosses the corresponding threshold value, the negative impact of temperature on urbanization is relatively weak. Understanding the impact of climate change on urbanization has become increasingly important as climate warming increases. On the one hand, the climate issue has always been a topic of common concern around the world. On the other hand, studying how climate change affects population urbanization is conducive to identifying the human factors that affect climate change and proposing corresponding solutions. Simultaneously, it also provides a reference for optimizing the distribution of urban and rural populations, and can comprehensively consider the relationship between climate change and urbanization in the formulation and implementation of policies. On this basis, the Chinese government should strengthen financial support for climate change, play a leading role in policies, improve the urban layout and structure, and increase the resilience of cities to climate change.

show abstract

“…In contrast, some studies have shown that the expansion of cities causes environmental pollution problems, increases the concentration of PM2.5, causes air pollution, and threatens the health of residents (Lu et al 2021 ; Liu et al 2022 ; Dong et al 2021 ). Besides, urbanization has changed the personal life and work style and increased the health burden of residents (Gong et al 2012 ; Li et al 2016 ) and health care expenditure (Shao et al 2022 ), thereby increasing the health risks of residents.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

How urbanization affects residents’ health risks: evidence from China

Wang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Continued urbanization requires a deep understanding of how urbanization affects residents’ health risks. This study used regression analysis of Chinese provincial-level panel data from 2004 to 2019 and empirically analyzed the nonlinear effects of urbanization on health risks and regional differences using STIRPAT model. Health risks were assessed by the average number of residents’ visits to medical facilities and population mortality. We also examined the moderating effect of income and environmental factors. The results show that (1) urbanization increases the average number of residents’ visits and reduces population mortality. The positive effect of urbanization in increasing the average number of visits is reinforced by an increase in income level and environmental pollution, whereas the negative effect of urbanization in reducing population mortality is weakened by environmental pollution. (2) Regarding long-term trends, urbanization has an N-shaped relationship with the average number of residents’ visits, and a U-shaped relationship with population mortality; (3) Urbanization has an N-shaped relationship with the average number of residents’ visits in the eastern, central, and western regions and an inverted N-shaped relationship with population mortality in the eastern region. Urbanization has significant effects on residents’ health risks in areas with high levels of infrastructure. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, such as developing new-type urbanization, improving infrastructure, focusing on green urbanization, and promoting national fitness programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-022-24767-y.

show abstract

The Effect of Urbanization on Health Care Expenditure: Evidence From China

Cited by 26 publications

References 72 publications

Role of household waste, governance quality, and greener energy for public health: Evidence from developed economies

Role of household waste, governance quality, and greener energy for public health: Evidence from developed economies

The impact of climate change on population urbanization: Evidence from china

How urbanization affects residents’ health risks: evidence from China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About