What Does Nanofluidics Have to Offer?

Mukhopadhyay, Rajendrani

doi:10.1021/ac069476c

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…1, may be a consequence of the effects of confinement. Surfaces exert influence on the nearby polymer to a certain degree, and when a system is such that polymer is forced to be largely near surfaces, this influence can no longer be ignored [36]. It is known that for a number of polymer properties, including those related to crystallization [37], chain association [38], glass transition temperature (T g ) [39] and physical aging [40,41], the confinement of the system to small spaces can cause some interesting effects, and sometimes can completely alter the chemistry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrapment of functionalized silica microspheres with photo-initiated acrylate-based polymers

Gibson

Koerner

Xie

et al. 2008

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrapment of functionalized silica microspheres with photo-initiated acrylate-based polymers

Gibson

Koerner

Xie

et al. 2008

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…[11][12][13] In addition to the use of nanoporous membranes as templates for various designs of nanomaterials, [14,15] these membranes have evoked more interest as an application in nanofluidics, which involves molecular switch and preconcentrators. [16] As nanobioreactors, they can render biomolecules more mechanically robust, thermally stable, and more easily separable from the reaction media. Furthermore, nanochannelarray technologies based on membrane sciences can be used to independently analyze small reaction volumes, which will extend biochemical reactions to a level of fast, parallel analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐Time Monitoring of Mass‐Transport‐Related Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics in a Nanochannel‐Array Reactor

Wang

et al. 2010

Chemistry A European J

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To understand the fundamentals of enzymatic reactions confined in micro-/nanosystems, the construction of a small enzyme reactor coupled with an integrated real-time detection system for monitoring the kinetic information is a significant challenge. Nano-enzyme array reactors were fabricated by covalently linking enzymes to the inner channels of a porous anodic alumina (PAA) membrane. The mechanical stability of this nanodevice enables us to integrate an electrochemical detector for the real-time monitoring of the formation of the enzyme reaction product by sputtering a thin Pt film on one side of the PAA membrane. Because the enzymatic reaction is confined in a limited nanospace, the mass transport of the substrate would influence the reaction kinetics considerably. Therefore, the oxidation of glucose by dissolved oxygen catalyzed by immobilized glucose oxidase was used as a model to investigate the mass-transport-related enzymatic reaction kinetics in confined nanospaces. The activity and stability of the enzyme immobilized in the nanochannels was enhanced. In this nano-enzyme reactor, the enzymatic reaction was controlled by mass transport if the flux was low. With an increase in the flux (e.g., >50 microL min(-1)), the enzymatic reaction kinetics became the rate-determining step. This change resulted in the decrease in the conversion efficiency of the nano-enzyme reactor and the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant with an increase in substrate flux. This nanodevice integrated with an electrochemical detector could help to understand the fundamentals of enzymatic reactions confined in nanospaces and provide a platform for the design of highly efficient enzyme reactors. In addition, we believe that such nanodevices will find widespread applications in biosensing, drug screening, and biochemical synthesis.

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“…However, also associated with nanoscale devices are problems such as fouling and detection that become more difficult to deal with than in their microfluidic counter-parts. Despite these drawbacks, nanofluidics offers insights into new and novel science and will continue to evolve because different physical phenomena begin to emerge due to wall effects that now dominate the molecular environment 8. In addition, interfacial effects become increasingly more important at the nanoscale 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally and theoretically observed native pH shifts in a nanochannel array

Bottenus

Han

et al. 2009

Lab Chip

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Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology provides a powerful platform for simultaneous separation, purification, and identification of low concentration multicomponent mixtures. As the characteristic dimension of LOC devices decreases down to the nanoscale, the possibility of containing an entire lab on a single chip is becoming a reality. This research examines one of the unique physical characteristics of nanochannels, in which native pH shifts occur. As a result of the electrical double layer taking up a significant portion of a 100 nm wide nanochannel, electroneutrality no longer exists in the channel causing a radial pH gradient. This work describes experimentally observed pH shifts as a function of ionic strength using the fluorescent pH indicator 5-(and-6)-carboxy SNARF®-1 and compares it to a model developed using Comsol Multiphysics. At low ionic strengths (~ 3 mM) the mean pH shift is approximately 1 pH unit whereas at high ionic strengths (~ 150 mM) the mean pH shift is reduced to 0.1 pH units. An independent analysis using fluorescein pH indicator is also presented supporting these findings. Two independent non-linear simulations coupling the Nernst-Planck equation describing transport in ionic solutions subjected to an electric field and Poisson's equation to describe the electric field as it relates to the charge distribution are solved using a finite element solver. In addition, the effects of chemical activities are considered in the simulations. The first numerical simulation is based on a surface ζ-potential which significantly underestimates the experimental results for most ionic strengths. A modified model assuming that SNARF and fluorescein molecules are able to diffuse into the hydrolyzed SiO 2 phase, and in the case of the SNARF molecule, able to bind to neutral regions of the SiO 2 phase agrees quantitatively with experimental results.

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What Does Nanofluidics Have to Offer?

Cited by 45 publications

References 4 publications

Entrapment of functionalized silica microspheres with photo-initiated acrylate-based polymers

Entrapment of functionalized silica microspheres with photo-initiated acrylate-based polymers

Real‐Time Monitoring of Mass‐Transport‐Related Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics in a Nanochannel‐Array Reactor

Experimentally and theoretically observed native pH shifts in a nanochannel array

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