“…is one of the most fundamental questions in strategic management and international business (IB) (Hoskisson & Hitt, 1994;Lee, Peng, & Lee, 2008;Peng, Lee, & Wang, 2005;Rumelt, Schendel, & Teece, 1994). While research on the scope of the firm started with a focus on product scope, more recent work has called for taking into account of both product scope and geographic scope of the firm (Delios & Beamish, 1999;Geringer, Tallman, & Olsen, 2000;Hitt, Hoskisson, & Kim, 1997;Hutzschenreuter & Grone, 2009;Kumar, 2009;Peng & Delios, 2006). While over three decades of research since Rumelt (1974) has shed considerable light on the scope of the firm (Palich, Cardinal, & Miller, 2000), no previous work has investigated the relationship between the scope of the firm and an important new phenomenon associated with globalization that we believe has significant ramifications on the scope of the firm-cross-listing.…”