What are the origins of growing microbial resistance? Both Lamarck and Darwin were right

Guevara‐Salazar, Juan Alberto; Díaz, Jessica Rubí Morán; Segura, Enrique Ramírez; Ferrara, José Guadalupe Trujillo

doi:10.1080/14787210.2021.1839418

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…23 Similarly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed multi-drug resistance due to genetic mutations. 24…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 Similarly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed multi-drug resistance due to genetic mutations. 24 As compared with outpatients, hospitalized patients were more prone to different DRPs as a result of polypharmacy, hospital-acquired infections, presence of comorbid cardiovascular disease, and chronic therapeutic regimens, which can affect the patient's treatment outcomes. 2,10,25 The old practices of pharmacy in which the pharmacists were only involved in the dispensing of drugs as prescribed by medical doctors were not ensured the appropriateness of drug therapy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Drug-related problems among patients with infectious disease admitted to medical wards of Wollega University Referral Hospital: Prospective observational study

Bekele

Fekadu

Bekele³

et al. 2021

SAGE Open Medicine

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Introduction: Drug-related problems can affect the treatment outcomes of hospitalized patients and outpatients that lead to morbidity and mortality. Despite this, there were scanty of studies among patients with infectious diseases in Ethiopia. As the result, this study was tried to assess the magnitude and determinants of drug therapy problems among infectious disease patients admitted to the medical wards of Wollega University Referral Hospital. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from May to August 2019. The prevalence and types of drug- related therapy problems were studied using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Foundation classification system, and adverse drug reaction was assessed by using the Naranjo algorithm. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of drug-related problems, and a significant association was declared if p-value < 0.05. Result: Of the 172 study participants, 106 (61.6%) were males, and the patient’s mean age was 39.1 ± 14.31 years. Over the study period, 123 (71.51%) patients had drug-related problems. Need for additional drug therapy was the widely occurred drug-related problem that accounts for 107 (22.77%), and the most common drug-associated with the drug therapy problem was ceftriaxone (77 (44.77%)). This inappropriate use of ceftriaxone might be due to the preference of physicians to prescribe this broad spectrum antibiotic in which it was prescribed for the majority of the infectious disease etiology. Polypharmacy (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.505, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.863–11.131), length of hospital stay ⩾ 7 days (AOR = 4.396, 95% CI: 1.964–7.310), and presence of co-morbidity (AOR = 2.107, 95% CI: 1.185–4.158, p = 0.016) were determinants of drug-related problems. Conclusion: The magnitude of drug-related problems was found to be high. Hence, the clinical pharmacy service should be established to tackle inappropriate indications, ineffective drug therapy, and adverse drug events in the study area.

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“…23 Similarly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed multi-drug resistance due to genetic mutations. 24…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-related problems among patients with infectious disease admitted to medical wards of Wollega University Referral Hospital: Prospective observational study

Bekele

Fekadu

Bekele³

et al. 2021

SAGE Open Medicine

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“…Streptococcus mutans is a Gram-positive cocci and facultative anaerobe commonly found in the human oral cavity and is an important and major cause of dental caries [ 4 ]. The fall in pH in the mouth creates a favorite environment for the pathogen and causes erosive and progressive tooth decay, a leading cause of tooth loss in all age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Molecular Docking of Phytochemicals of Murraya koenigii Against Streptococcus mutans

Uma Maheswari,

Sankar

2024

Cureus

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Background The curry leaf tree, Murraya koenigii , is a tropical to subtropical tree in the family Rutaceae that is native to Asia. The plant parts are shown to have potential antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Streptococcus mutans is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci, a common inhabitant of the human oral cavity that forms biofilms, contributing to dental caries. Aim The study aimed to analyze the inhibitory potential of phytocompounds in M. koenigii against the oral pathogen S. mutans . Materials and methods The protein and ligand were prepared, and molecular docking was carried out using the Hex protein docking server. The PyMOL program was used to view, analyze, and annotate the docked complex. The interaction of the drug, including the mechanism of action, and predicted adverse effects were predicted using the Way2Drug PASS Online server. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties of the drug candidates were analyzed using the SwissADME online server. Results The study identified O-methyl murrayamine, koenigine, koenigicine, and murrayone as having inhibitory potential against the glycosyltransferase protein of S. mutans. Among the four compounds analyzed for docking, koenigicine had the lowest E-score, indicating a strong interaction with the receptor. Among the four compounds analyzed, murrayone had a high topological polar surface area score, while all four compounds had similar bioavailability scores. Conclusion This study concluded that O-methyl murrayamine, koenigine, koenigicine, and murrayone exhibit potent inhibitory potential against S. mutans . M. koenigii leaf extract can be used in toothpaste as an antibacterial agent to protect teeth against dental caries. These findings are important for the potential use of the above compound to act as an anticariogenic agent in oral health applications.

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“…The Darwinian theory postulates that organisms develop resistance to factors that threaten their survival. This phenomenon is a primary driver behind the development of antibiotic resistance in several pathogens [ 5 ]. Hence, it is imperative to develop a treatment that can selectively inhibit the pathogen’s virulence without endangering its overall survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacoinformatics-Based Approach for Uncovering the Quorum-Quenching Activity of Phytocompounds against the Oral Pathogen, Streptococcus mutans

Marimuthu,

Murugesan,

Babkiewicz

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Streptococcus mutans, a gram-positive oral pathogen, is the primary causative agent of dental caries. Biofilm formation, a critical characteristic of S. mutans, is regulated by quorum sensing (QS). This study aimed to utilize pharmacoinformatics techniques to screen and identify effective phytochemicals that can target specific proteins involved in the quorum sensing pathway of S. mutans. A computational approach involving homology modeling, model validation, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed. The 3D structures of the quorum sensing target proteins, namely SecA, SMU1784c, OppC, YidC2, CiaR, SpaR, and LepC, were modeled using SWISS-MODEL and validated using a Ramachandran plot. Metabolites from Azadirachta indica (Neem), Morinda citrifolia (Noni), and Salvadora persica (Miswak) were docked against these proteins using AutoDockTools. MD simulations were conducted to assess stable interactions between the highest-scoring ligands and the target proteins. Additionally, the ADMET properties of the ligands were evaluated using SwissADME and pkCSM tools. The results demonstrated that campesterol, meliantrol, stigmasterol, isofucosterol, and ursolic acid exhibited the strongest binding affinity for CiaR, LepC, OppC, SpaR, and Yidc2, respectively. Furthermore, citrostadienol showed the highest binding affinity for both SMU1784c and SecA. Notably, specific amino acid residues, including ASP86, ARG182, ILE179, GLU143, ASP237, PRO101, and VAL84 from CiaR, LepC, OppC, SecA, SMU1784c, SpaR, and YidC2, respectively, exhibited significant interactions with their respective ligands. While the docking study indicated favorable binding energies, the MD simulations and ADMET studies underscored the substantial binding affinity and stability of the ligands with the target proteins. However, further in vitro studies are necessary to validate the efficacy of these top hits against S. mutans.

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What are the origins of growing microbial resistance? Both Lamarck and Darwin were right

Cited by 7 publications

References 97 publications

Drug-related problems among patients with infectious disease admitted to medical wards of Wollega University Referral Hospital: Prospective observational study

Drug-related problems among patients with infectious disease admitted to medical wards of Wollega University Referral Hospital: Prospective observational study

In Silico Molecular Docking of Phytochemicals of Murraya koenigii Against Streptococcus mutans

Pharmacoinformatics-Based Approach for Uncovering the Quorum-Quenching Activity of Phytocompounds against the Oral Pathogen, Streptococcus mutans

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