Wharton’s Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Comparing Human and Horse

Merlo, Barbara; Teti, Gabriella; Mazzotti, Eleonora; Ingrà, Laura; Salvatore, Viviana; Buzzi, Marina; Cerqueni, Giorgia; Dicarlo, Manuela; Lanci, Aliai; Castagnetti, Carolina; Iacono, Eleonora

doi:10.1007/s12015-018-9803-3

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In this respect, the proposed decellularized scaffolds evidenced a good growth and colonization by hUC-SCs. These cells are attractive for several tissue engineering applications, as they are derived from an ethically undisputed source and may be non-invasively harvested at low cost [36,37,38,39]. Our observation is in line with data of Xu et al [40], who showed a good proliferation for hUC-SCs cultured on medium-stiffness matrices.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cell-Free Demineralized Bone Matrix for Mesenchymal Stem Cells Survival and Colonization

et al. 2019

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Decellularized bone matrix is receiving much attention as biological scaffolds and implantable biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a cell-free demineralized bone matrix on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) survival and differentiation in vitro. The seeding of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-SCs) on decellularized bone matrices up to 14 days was exploited, assessing their capability of scaffold colonization and evaluating gene expression of bone markers. Light and Scanning Electron Microscopies were used. The obtained cell-free decalcified structures showed elastic moduli attributable to both topology and biochemical composition. Morphological observation evidenced an almost complete colonization of the scaffolds after 14 days of culture. Moreover, in hUC-SCs cultured on decalcified scaffolds, without the addition of any osteoinductive media, there was an upregulation of Collagen Type I (COL1) and osteonectin (ON) gene expression, especially on day 14. Modifications in the expression of genes engaged in stemness were also detected. In conclusion, the proposed decellularized bone matrix can induce the in vitro hUC-SCs differentiation and has the potential to be tested for in in vivo tissue regeneration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cell-Free Demineralized Bone Matrix for Mesenchymal Stem Cells Survival and Colonization

et al. 2019

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“…TEM morphological analysis of MSCs showed ultrastructural details connected with the different origin of cells. A fibroblast shape morphology, dense nucleoli, a widespread Golgi apparatus and well developed RER are morphological features linked to the mesenchymal phenotype [41, 42]. Golgi complex and RER are strictly connected with a high protein synthesis and high metabolic rate [41, 42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A fibroblast shape morphology, dense nucleoli, a widespread Golgi apparatus and well developed RER are morphological features linked to the mesenchymal phenotype [41, 42]. Golgi complex and RER are strictly connected with a high protein synthesis and high metabolic rate [41, 42]. The elevated secreting ability of these cells is further underlined either by the presence of several extracellular vesicles and exosomes, on cell surface, and multivesicular bodies, inside the cells, which are released in the extracellular microenvironment and act as paracrine factors [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Golgi complex and RER are strictly connected with a high protein synthesis and high metabolic rate [41, 42]. The elevated secreting ability of these cells is further underlined either by the presence of several extracellular vesicles and exosomes, on cell surface, and multivesicular bodies, inside the cells, which are released in the extracellular microenvironment and act as paracrine factors [42]. Foetal adnexa MSCs, in particular WJ derived ones, showed a larger amount of microvesicles in the cytoplasm compared to adult MSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison between adult and foetal adnexa derived equine post-natal mesenchymal stem cells

et al. 2019

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Background Little is known about the differences among adult and foetal equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and no data exist about their comparative ultrastructural morphology. The aim of this study was to describe and compare characteristics, immune properties, and ultrastructural morphology of equine adult (bone marrow: BM, and adipose tissue: AT) and foetal adnexa derived (umbilical cord blood: UCB, and Wharton’s jelly: WJ) MSCs. Results No differences were observed in proliferation during the first 3 passages. While migration ability was similar among cells, foetal MSCs showed a higher adhesion ability, forming smaller spheroids after hanging drop culture ( P < 0.05). All MSCs differentiated toward adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages, only tenogenic differentiation was less evident for WJ-MSCs. Data obtained by PCR confirmed MHC1 expression and lack of MHC2 expression in all four cell types. Foetal adnexa MSCs were positive for genes specific for anti-inflammatory and angiogenic factors (IL6, IL8, ILβ1) and WJ-MSCs were the only positive for OCT4 pluripotency gene. At immunofluorescence all cells expressed typical mesenchymal markers (α-SMA, N-cadherin), except for BM-MSCs, which did not express N-cadherin. By transmission electron microscopy, it was observed that WJ-MSCs had a higher ( P < 0.05) number of microvesicles compared to adult MSCs, and UCB-MSCs showed more microvesicles than BM-MSCs ( P < 0.05). AT-MSCs had a lower number of mitochondria than WJ-MSCs ( P < 0.05), and mitochondrial area was higher for WJ-MSCs compared to UCB and AT-MSCs ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Results demonstrate that MSCs from adult and foetal tissues have different characteristics, and foetal MSCs, particularly WJ derived ones, seem to have some charactestics that warrant further investigation into potential advantages for clinical application.

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“…Adult MSCs are localized in a special microenvironment, called the “niche”, that provides homeostasis, proliferative control, and the maintenance of cell number [11]. Since their first isolation from bone marrow [12,13], MSCs have been described in several other tissues, both from adult and fetal tissues, such as adipose tissue [14], dental pulp [15], periosteum [16,17], the umbilical cord [18,19], human synovial membrane (SmMSCs) [20], as well as in synovial fluid (synovial fluid mesenchymal stromal cells (SfMSCs)) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Alterations Affecting the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in an Equine Model

Mazzotti

Teti

Falconi

et al. 2019

Cells

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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that strongly correlates with age and promotes the breakdown of joint cartilage and subchondral bone. There has been a surge of interest in developing cell-based therapies, focused particularly on the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from adult tissues. It seems that MSCs derived from synovial joint tissues exhibit superior chondrogenic ability, but their unclear distribution and low frequency actually limit their clinical application. To date, the influence of aging on synovial joint derived MSCs’ biological characteristics and differentiation abilities remains unknown, and a full understanding of the mechanisms involved in cellular aging is lacking. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the presence of age-related alterations in synovial fluid MSCs and their influence on the potential ability of MSCs to differentiate toward chondrogenic phenotypes. Synovial fluid MSCs, isolated from healthy equine donors from 3 to 40 years old, were cultured in vitro and stimulated towards chondrogenic differentiation for up to 21 days. An equine model was chosen due to the high degree of similarity of the anatomy of the knee joint to the human knee joint and as spontaneous disorders develop that are clinically relevant to similar human disorders. The results showed a reduction in cell proliferation correlated with age and the presence of age-related tetraploid cells. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated the presence of morphological features correlated with aging such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and mitophagy. Alcian blue assay and real-time PCR data showed a reduction of efficiency in the chondrogenic differentiation of aged synovial fluid MSCs compared to young MSCs. All these data highlighted the influence of aging on MSCs’ characteristics and ability to differentiate towards chondrogenic differentiation and emphasize the importance of considering age-related alterations of MSCs in clinical applications.

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Wharton’s Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Comparing Human and Horse

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Cell-Free Demineralized Bone Matrix for Mesenchymal Stem Cells Survival and Colonization

Cell-Free Demineralized Bone Matrix for Mesenchymal Stem Cells Survival and Colonization

Comparison between adult and foetal adnexa derived equine post-natal mesenchymal stem cells

Age-Related Alterations Affecting the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in an Equine Model

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