Wetting and Navier-Stokes Equation — The Manufacture of Composite Materials

Abstract

It is well known that there are several processes to manufacture composite materials, a large part of which consist in the infiltration of a liquid (matrix) through a porous medium (reinforcement). To perform these processes, both thermodynamics (wetting) and kinetics (Navier-Stokes) must be considered if a good quality composite material is sought. Although wetting and the laws that govern it have been well known for over 200 years, dating back to the original works of Young and Laplace, this is not the case with the Navier-Stokes equation, which remains so far unsolved. Although the Navier-Stokes equation, which describes the motion of a fluid, has been solved for many particular cases, such as the motion of a fluid through a pipe, which has resulted in the well-known Poiseuille equation, or the motion of a fluid through a porous media, described by the Darcy's law (empirical law obtained by Darcy), its general solution remains one of the greatest challenges of mathematicians today. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to present the resolution of the Navier-Stokes equation with the laws of wetting for different cases of interest in the manufacture of composite materials.

Hydration Resistance of CaO Material Prepared by Ca(OH)2 Calcination with Chelating Compound

“…After the samples were dried out, the amount of absorbed Ti chelating compound and Al chelating compound were measured to be 6.92 wt.% and 7.09 wt.%, respectively. After that, the samples were sintered at 1600 °C for 3 h. The composite structure was carried out by infiltration [25]. The experimental process is shown in Figure 1.…”

Investigation of the Copper Penetration and Joint Microstructure Observed in Low Alloyed Steels

“…In this case, liquid dissolves a little portion of substrate allowing the liquid to penetrate the substrate grain boundary. Various studies were undertaken on the penetration occurring during dissolutive wetting with Cu and Cu-Si as liquid melts [14][15][16][17][18].…”

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