Wettability and biogeochemical properties of the drilosphere and casts of endogeic earthworms in pear orchard

Lipiec, Jerzy; Brzezińska, Małgorzata; Turski, Marcin; Szarlip, Paweł; Frąc, Magdalena

doi:10.1016/j.still.2014.08.010

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In the case of the FID detector, gases were separated on a column packed with a Porapak Q maintained at 80ºC, and the temperature of the injector was 150ºC; nitrogen was the carrier gas. The detector responses were calibrated using a certified gas standard (Air Products) containing 10 ppm or 4% CH 4 in He (Lipiec et al, 2015). Gas samples (0.2 ml) were taken through the septum with a pressure lock syringe and directly injected into the gas chromatograph.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanogenic community composition in an organic waste mixture in an anaerobic bioreactor

Gryta¹,

Oszust²,

Brzezińska³

et al. 2017

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. The aim of the study was to elucidate the substantial relationship between the compositions of methanogen community that assembles in the anaerobic digester mass and link it to methane production activity. The results of the metagenomic studies were used to evaluate how the methanogen structure changes during an anaerobic digestion process under various waste retention times (21, 23, 25, 29, 33, 39, 47 and 61 days). Phylogenetically coherent populations of methanogens were assessed by 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of a specific molecular marker, the mcrA gene. The results indicated multiple phylogenetically diverse methanogen populations associated with the various steps of anaerobic digestion. The stages of the anaerobic digestion process and waste retention times determine the microbial composition. The most dominant and acclimated microbial communities in all samples belonged to the genera Methanosaeta and Methanobacterium. The methane yield was consistent with the results of the microbial community structure, which indicated that acetotrophic Methanosaeta was the most active and most important during the methanogenic stage.K e y w o r d s: anaerobic digestion, methanogenic activity, methanogenic Archaea, NGS, t-RFLP

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanogenic community composition in an organic waste mixture in an anaerobic bioreactor

Gryta¹,

Oszust²,

Brzezińska³

et al. 2017

International Agrophysics

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“…In addition, similar effects have been observed in other species, such as ryegrass (Lolium perene L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), corn (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and papaya (Carica papaya L.) (GROENIGEN et al, 2014;XIANG et al, 2016). It is possible that nutrient availability contributed to the growth increases, given that earthworm coprolites have a higher amount of nutrients compared to the surrounding soil (FIUZA et al, 2011;LIPIEC et al, 2015). The increase in microbial biomass carbon due to the presence of earthworms ( Figure 2A) may also have resulted in an increase in nutrient availability due to nutrient cycling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This could have occurred because the biomass of the microorganisms increased (Figure 2A). It is widely known that microorganisms use organic compounds such as earthworm coprolites, soil compounds, and organic compounds released into the rhizosphere, as energy sources, and as a result there is an increase in CO 2 release (JONES et al, 2009;LIPIEC et al, 2015). Finally, regarding the effect of the plants, the correlation of soil respiration with aerial dry matter was due to increased shoot growth (Figure 3), which probably favored photosynthesis and C release into the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, one can say that the activation of soil microorganisms by earthworms initially occurs within the earthworms themselves. Subsequently, there is an additional soil microorganism activation process due to the addition of feces rich in nutrients and organic matter (FIUZA et al, 2011;LIPIEC et al, 2015). At the same time, alterations in the soil due to the presence of earthworms can promote plant growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earthworms affect the microbial population because when they ingest soil and organic materials they also ingest protozoa, fungi, and bacteria (DRAKE; HORN, 2007). Furthermore, the deposition of coprolites by these organisms generates specific areas within the soil where the bacterial and fungal populations are comparatively higher due to the high concentration of organic compounds and nutrients in the coprolites (DRAKE; HORN, 2007;LIPIEC et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Earthworms (Amynthas spp.) increase common bean growth, microbial biomass, and soil respiration

Barbosa

Demetrio

Silva

et al. 2017

SCA

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Few studies have evaluated the effect of earthworms on plants and biological soil attributes, especially among legumes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of earthworms (Amynthas spp.) on growth in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and on soil biological attributes. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design with five treatments and eight repetitions. The treatments consisted of inoculation with five different quantities of earthworms of the genus Amynthas (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 worms per pot). Each experimental unit consisted of a plastic pot containing 4 kg of soil and two common bean plants. The experiment was harvested 38 days after seedling emergence. Dry matter and plant height, soil respiration, microbial respiration, microbial biomass, and metabolic quotient were determined. Earthworm recovery in our study was high in number and mass, with all values above 91.6% and 89.1%, respectively. In addition, earthworm fresh biomass decreased only in the treatment that included eight earthworms per pot. The presence of earthworms increased the plant growth and improved soil biological properties, suggesting that agricultural practices that favor the presence of these organisms can be used to increase the production of common bean, and the increased soil CO2 emission caused by the earthworms can be partially offset by the addition of common bean crop residues to the soil.

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The functional role of earthworm mucus during aggregation

Guhra,

Wonneberger,

Stolze

et al. 2023

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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BackgroundSoil organisms influence pedogenesis on a molecular level through the production of biopolymers which interact with soil minerals depending on their molecular properties. Specifically, biopolymers impact structure formation by inhibiting aggregation as a separation agent or promoting aggregation as a bridging agent. Mucus is a biopolymer excreted by earthworms that consists mainly of proteins, polysaccharides, and, to a lesser extent, lipids. However, despite earthworms’ fundamental contribution to soil quality and structuring via bioturbation, the role of mucus in aggregation still has to be unraveled.AimsOur study explores the role of cutaneous earthworm mucus (CEM) of Lumbricus terrestris L. for the formation of organo–mineral associations and aggregates, a sub‐process of pedogenesis.MethodsWe conducted batch experiments with goethite and CEM at different pH values and varying CEM concentrations to form mucus–goethite associations. Employing the newly formed mucus–goethite associations, we explored the (homo‐/hetero‐)aggregation with quartz particles as a function of the loading of surfaces with mucus‐C and CEM concentrations in solution.ResultsOur results suggest that the molecular structure of CEM constituents (especially proteins) is sensitive to pH. We found that the adsorption of CEM to goethite depends on pH and concentration. Polysaccharides of CEM adsorbed preferentially under acidic conditions (pH 3) and at low CEM concentration (6 mg mucus‐C L–1). In contrast, stronger adsorption of proteins was observed at higher CEM concentrations (30 mg mucus‐C L–1). In subsequent aggregation experiments, the hetero‐aggregation rate of organo–mineral associations and quartz decreased at low C‐loadings. Conversely, the rate increased at high loadings compared to the CEM‐free reference. Furthermore, electrostatic/steric repulsion (separation agent) inhibited the aggregation between goethite particles at high CEM concentrations in the solution (mineral/mucus ratio of 17). However, at a low CEM supply (mineral/mucus ratio of >83), CEM took the role of a bridging agent.ConclusionsThe composition, function, and (im‐)mobilization of CEM and corresponding organo–mineral associations in earthworm‐influenced soil structures are shaped by the structure/reactivity of CEM affected by environmental parameters. Formation and aggregation of mucus–mineral associations contribute to nutrient/carbon storage and are involved in the structure formation in soil.

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Wettability and biogeochemical properties of the drilosphere and casts of endogeic earthworms in pear orchard

Cited by 26 publications

References 48 publications

Methanogenic community composition in an organic waste mixture in an anaerobic bioreactor

Methanogenic community composition in an organic waste mixture in an anaerobic bioreactor

Earthworms (Amynthas spp.) increase common bean growth, microbial biomass, and soil respiration

The functional role of earthworm mucus during aggregation

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