Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

This paper provides a review of the treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components in wastewater treatment. In particular, this paper primarily focuses on wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or decentralized system), nutrient and pollutant removal (single and multiple pollutants, and metals), and emerging pollutant removal (pharmaceuticals). A summary of studies involving the plant (vegetation) effects, wetland design and modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment and pathogen removal is also included.

Wetlands for environmental protection

“…Therefore, new technological solutions have emerged to meet these regulations. Constructed Wetlands (CWs) have been investigated (Castillo‐Valenzuela, Martinez‐Guerra, & Gude, 2017; Ghimire, Nandimandalam, Martinez‐Guerra, & Gude, 2019; Jiang et al, 2016; Martinez‐Guerra, Castillo‐Valenzuela, & Gude, 2018; Martinez‐Guerra et al, 2015) as a cost‐effective solution to wastewater treatment.…”

Comparative Preliminary Evaluation of 2 In‐stream Water Treatment Technologies for the Agricultural Reuse of Drainage Water in the Nile Delta

“…The use of CWs is a growing practice to mitigate the impacts of point and nonpoint source pollution. Wetlands promote physical, chemical, and biological processes that attenuate pollution, leading to an improved water quality (Bass 2000; Martinez‐Guerra et al 2015; Almuktar et al 2018; Gorgoglione and Torretta 2018). Decreased velocities promote deposition of suspended solids in the wetland.…”