“Western Diet”-Induced Adipose Inflammation Requires a Complex Gut Microbiota

Tran, Hao Quang; Bretin, Alexis; Adeshirlarijaney, Aneseh; Yeoh, Beng San; Vijay‐Kumar, Matam; Zou, Jun; Denning, Timothy L.; Chassaing, Benoît; Gewirtz, Andrew T.

doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.09.009

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, both STZ- and WSD-induced hyperglycemia was itself partially ameliorated by antibiotics. 36 Considering these observations, together with IL22’s ability to protect mucosal surfaces, including by driving expression of antimicrobial peptides, suggests that a portion of inulin’s ability to ameliorate diabetes may reflect its ability to help maintain a beneficial host-microbiota relationship, both by restoring microbiota density and by preventing detrimental changes in microbiota composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inulin Fermentable Fiber Ameliorates Type I Diabetes via IL22 and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Experimental Models

Zou

Reddivari

Shi

et al. 2021

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inulin Fermentable Fiber Ameliorates Type I Diabetes via IL22 and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Experimental Models

Zou

Reddivari

Shi

et al. 2021

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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“…The cell sediment was subjected to red cell lysis using Pharmlyse (BD) and after washing was ready for staining. Hepatocytes, adipose tissue, gut IELs, and LPLs were prepared as described previously [ 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Single cell suspensions were stained directly using combinations of the monoclonal antibodies listed in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of Anti-Oxidative Stress Response Improves Metabolic Changes in L-Selectin-Deficient Mice but Does Not Prevent NAFLD Progression or Fecal Microbiota Shifts

Eswaran

Babbar

Drescher

et al. 2021

IJMS

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(1) Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing global health problem. NAFLD progression involves a complex interplay of imbalanced inflammatory cell populations and inflammatory signals such as reactive oxygen species and cytokines. These signals can derive from the liver itself but also from adipose tissue or be mediated via changes in the gut microbiome. We analyzed the effects of a simultaneous migration blockade caused by L-selectin-deficiency and an enhancement of the anti-oxidative stress response triggered by hepatocytic Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) deletion on NAFLD progression. (2) Methods: L-selectin-deficient mice (Lsel−/−Keap1flx/flx) and littermates with selective hepatic Keap1 deletion (Lsel−/−Keap1Δhepa) were compared in a 24-week Western-style diet (WD) model. (3) Results: Lsel−/−Keap1Δhepa mice exhibited increased expression of erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target genes in the liver, decreased body weight, reduced epidydimal white adipose tissue with decreased immune cell frequencies, and improved glucose response when compared to their Lsel−/−Keap1flx/flx littermates. Although WD feeding caused drastic changes in fecal microbiota profiles with decreased microbial diversity, no genotype-dependent shifts were observed. (4) Conclusions: Upregulation of the anti-oxidative stress response improves metabolic changes in L-selectin-deficient mice but does not prevent NAFLD progression and shifts in the gut microbiota.

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“…This imbalance could be due to the gain or loss of community members or changes in the relative abundance of microbes. In addition to obesity [ 27 ], metabolic syndrome [ 28 ], and type 2 diabetes [ 29 ], evidence suggest that diet can also induce dysbiosis [ 30 ], which is often associated with an increase in inflammation [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Microbiota and Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota, a New Playground for the Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Diseases

Rousseau

2021

Marine Drugs

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Several cardioprotective mechanisms attributed to Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been studied and widely documented. However, in recent years, studies have supported the concept that the intestinal microbiota can play a much larger role than we had anticipated. Microbiota could contribute to several pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, an imbalance in the microbiota has often been reported in patients with cardiovascular disease and produces low-level inflammation. This inflammation contributes to, more or less, long-term development of cardiovascular diseases. It can also worsen the symptoms and the consequences of these pathologies. According to some studies, omega-3 PUFAs in the diet could restore this imbalance and mitigate its harmful effects on cardiovascular diseases. Many mechanisms are involved and included: (1) a reduction of bacteria producing trimethylamine (TMA); (2) an increase in bacteria producing butyrate, which has anti-inflammatory properties; and (3) a decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, omega-3 PUFAs would help maintain better integrity in the intestinal barrier, thereby preventing the translocation of intestinal contents into circulation. This review will summarize the effects of omega-3 PUFAs on gut micro-biota and the potential impact on cardiac health.

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“Western Diet”-Induced Adipose Inflammation Requires a Complex Gut Microbiota

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Inulin Fermentable Fiber Ameliorates Type I Diabetes via IL22 and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Experimental Models

Inulin Fermentable Fiber Ameliorates Type I Diabetes via IL22 and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Experimental Models

Upregulation of Anti-Oxidative Stress Response Improves Metabolic Changes in L-Selectin-Deficient Mice but Does Not Prevent NAFLD Progression or Fecal Microbiota Shifts

Microbiota, a New Playground for the Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Diseases

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