Welfare Impacts of Rural Electrification: A Panel Data Analysis from Vietnam

Khandker, Shahidur R.; Barnes, Douglas F.; Samad, Hussain A.

doi:10.1086/669262

Cited by 208 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Positive effects of household electrification have been shown on enrolment and years of schooling for Indian girls (van de Walle, 2013). In other studies by Khandker et al (2012Khandker et al ( , 2013 and Lipscomb et al (2013) such results are confirmed for both boys and girls in India, Vietnam and Brazil. Children study time outside school seems to increase in some studies (Khandker et al 2012, Bensh et al 2011, however no short run effects on children study time or spent collecting wood are found by Bernard and Torero (2014) in a randomized study on rural electrification in Ethiopia.…”

Section: Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…For example, Dinkelman (2011) finds higher earnings for men (not for women) but no average effects on wages. Similarly Khandker et al (2013) show significant increases in household incomes, via improvements in non-agricultural activities, and no effect on wages. Increases in non-agriculture income are also supported in studies by Dinkelman et al (2011) and Lipscomb et al (2013).…”

Section: Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Decrease in the likelihood of having more than one job among males Dasso and Fernandez (2013) Household welfare Recent works find that access to electricity bears positive effects on household welfare, in terms of income, consumption, behavior at cooking and lighting, time allocation of house activities, schooling and health. Only few studies assess the influence of electricity on levels of consumption and expenditure: Khandker et al (2013) find that rural access to electricity in Vietnam leads to an increase in consumption expenditure of 23%. Similarly van de Walle et al (2013) show that access to electricity in India led to a significant increase in total expenditure, particularly for food, fuel and kerosene stoves.…”

Section: Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Access to Modern Energy: A Review of Impact Evaluations

2014

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Universal access to modern energy services, in terms of access to electricity and to modern cooking facilities, has been recognized as fundamental challenge for development and is likely to be included in the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals. Despite a strong praise for action and several programs at both national and international level, very few impact evaluation studies try to shed light on the causal relationship between access to energy and development, by also allowing decision makers to rigorously assess cost-effectiveness and efficiency of policies and programs. This work attempts to review the literature on existing impact evaluation of access to electricity and modern cooking facilities. For access to electricity we consider as outcomes labour markets, time allocation, household welfare (consumption, income, schooling and health) and business. For access to improved cookstoves, we assess impacts on household welfare. The reviewed literature highlights a significant causal impact of electricity access on important metrics of wellbeing, but more mixed evidence regarding clean cookstove. Finally, we also review the barriers and drivers of access to modern energy services identified by most recent impact evaluation studies. JEL classification:

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Section: Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Access to Modern Energy: A Review of Impact Evaluations

2014

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“…Sustainability of energy projects further requires ensuring the reliability of the systems [30]. Dunmade [28] and Chaurey and Kandpal [31] therefore allude that spare parts must be locally available to reduce downtimes, such that productive uses can contribute to an increase in the user income [32,33].…”

Section: Cultural Justicementioning

confidence: 99%

Rural Electrification Efforts Based on Off-Grid Photovoltaic Systems in the Andean Region: Comparative Assessment of Their Sustainability

2017

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Abstract:In this paper, we comparatively assess the sustainability of rural electrification efforts based on off-grid solutions in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural). We found that Ecuador and Chile have consistently failed to ensure mechanisms for the operation and maintenance of the deployed off-grid systems, which has made these solutions in poor Chilean and Ecuadorian communities inevitably unsustainable. Although Peru has adopted a cross-tariff scheme, the Peruvian case shows that ensuring the funding of off-grid PV solutions is not enough. Peruvian officials appear to be unaware of the importance of local participation (local values and lifestyles are constantly disregarded) and most of the projects have been designed without the participation and engagement of the communities, which has often led to project failures and payment defaults. However, although each country has its particular challenges, we found that the three Andean countries have consistently neglected the importance of strong formal institutions with a flexible and decentralized structure, which in turn significantly compromised the rural electrification effort in these countries.

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“…Although RE may help to increase the reliability of supply (due to the diversification of energy matrix; [23,39,41]), reliability in rural areas demands for local access to spare parts, which entails the know-how to exert maintenance [42]. Moreover, as a higher access to energy is usually correlated with higher income [38], these solutions are expected to contribute to the income-generating opportunities for inhabitants of remote areas [43][44][45]. In this case, electrification programs need to be coupled with complementary infrastructure, including training and education [46].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the Rural Electrification Efforts in the Ecuadorian Amazon Sustainable?

2016

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Abstract:In this paper, we assess the sustainability of rural electrification programs in Ecuador, paying special attention to programs targeting small indigenous communities in the Amazon basin. Our assessment considers four dimensions of sustainability (institutional, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural) and is based on an exhaustive qualitative document analysis, complemented by semi-structured expert interviews. We found that disruptive changes have affected the electrification policies in Ecuador during decades of avoiding the development of strengthened institutions. Despite this major drawback, we found that there is a consensus on granting access to energy for all. This partially explains the national efforts, persistent through different administrations to fund rural electrification. However, in the case of off-grid photovoltaic solutions, these efforts have consistently neglected allocating funds for operation and maintenance, which has seriously compromised the sustainability. Moreover, although Ecuadorian officials declared to favor stand-alone photovoltaic systems in the case of indigenous communities in the Amazon, we found that environmental or socio-cultural aspects have a minor role in the selection of these systems. Progress regarding environmental awareness, social acceptance, and cultural justice, is still needed for ensuring the sustainability of rural electrification efforts in the Ecuadorian Amazon.

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Welfare Impacts of Rural Electrification: A Panel Data Analysis from Vietnam

Cited by 208 publications

References 15 publications

Access to Modern Energy: A Review of Impact Evaluations

Access to Modern Energy: A Review of Impact Evaluations

Rural Electrification Efforts Based on Off-Grid Photovoltaic Systems in the Andean Region: Comparative Assessment of Their Sustainability

Are the Rural Electrification Efforts in the Ecuadorian Amazon Sustainable?

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