Weight loss improves biomarkers endothelial function and systemic inflammation in obese postmenopausal Saudi women

Abstract

Background: Although postmenopausal associated disorders are important public health problems worldwide, to date limited studies evaluated the endothelial function and systemic inflammation response to weight loss in obese postmenopausal women. Objective: This study was done to evaluate the endothelial function and systemic inflammation response to weight loss in obese postmenopausal Saudi women. Material and methods: Eighty postmenopausal obese Saudi women (mean age 52.64±6.13 year) participated in two groups: Group (A) received aerobic exercise on treadmill and diet whereas, group (B) received no intervention. Markers of inflammation and endothelial function were measured before and after 3 months at the end of the study. Results:The values of body mass index(BMI), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), inter-cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity (PAI-1:Ac) were significantly decreased in group (A), while changes were not significant in group (B). Also, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment. Conclusion: Weight loss ameliorates inflammatory cytokines and markers of endothelial function in obese postmenopausal Saudi women.

Behavioral trials in the Arab Gulf States: A scoping review

“…The search resulted in 16 behavioral RCTs published between the years 2010 and 2018; 23–38 seven were from Saudi Arabia, three from the United Arab Emirates, and two each from Oman, Qatar, and Kuwait (Table 1). There were no trials from Bahrain or Iraq.…”

“…27,29 One trial specified the physical activity goal as 30 min of daily walking but did not specify dietary goals. 24 The dietary goals in the remaining five trials included calorie and carbohydrate restriction, 31,35 calorie restriction only, 26,32 or fat restriction with an increase in fiber. 37 The physical activity goals of these combination trials included 30 min of moderate activity, five times per week, 31,32,35 >5000 pedometer steps per day, 37 or aerobic training (30 min, four times per week).…”

“…For example, proper monitoring of physical activity is essential, but it was measured objectively in only three of the studies. 26,32,38…”

Surgical management of diabetes mellitus: future outlook (part 2)

“…Эндотелиальная дисфункция рассматривается как ранний индикатор диабетической ангиопатии [51] и относится к наиболее важным прогностическим факторам развития атеросклероза у больных СД [52,53]. Сосудистые макро-и микроангиопатии являются основными причинами инвалидности и смертности у больных СД2.…”

Surgical management of diabetes mellitus: future outlook (part 3)

“…Предварительные сведения об эффективности вмешательств, проводимых на сегодняшний день, можно представить в виде следующей последовательности: билиопанкреатическое шунтирование > шунтирование желудка по РУ > вертикальная «рукавная» гастропластика > бандажирование желудка. С позиций осложнений и безопасности прослежива-ется прямо противоположная последовательность: бандажирование желудка > вертикальная «рукавная» гастропластика > шунтирование желудка по РУ > билиопанкреатическое шунтирование [29][30][31][32][33].…”