Weight Gain and Liver Steatosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Spagnuolo, Rocco; Montalcini, Tiziana; Bonis, Daniele De; Ferro, Yvelise; Cosco, Cristina; Mazza, Elisa; Romeo, Stefano; Doldo, Patrizia; Pujia, Arturo

doi:10.3390/nu11020303

Cited by 11 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This could be a direct effect of the aggressive medical therapy currently available, and represents a warning regarding the future management of obesity in younger populations. Persistent remission of disease is the main factor linked to weight gain, more so than medications, which were not significantly responsible for this metabolic profile [ 26 ]. McGowan et al identified the improvement of therapies and nutritional status as being a cause of increased BMI among patients affected by quiescent Crohn’s disease, with there being a direct relationship between prolonged remission, higher risk of MetS, and development of NAFLD [ 21 ].…”

Section: Nafld In Ibd Patients With “Metabolic Syndrome Profile”mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Other Side of Malnutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2021

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Steatohepatitis and hepatobiliary manifestations constitute some of the most common extra-intestinal manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). On the other hand, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects around 25% of the world’s population and is attracting ever more attention in liver transplant programs. To outline the specific pathways linking these two conditions is a pressing task for 21st-century researchers. We are accustomed to expecting the occurrence of fatty liver disease in obese people, but current evidence suggests that there are several different pathways also occurring in underweight patients. Genetic factors, inflammatory signals and microbiota are key players that could help in understanding the entire pathogenesis of NAFLD, with the aim of defining the multiple expressions of malnutrition. In the current review, we summarize the most recent literature regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis and future directions for the management of NAFLD in patients affected by IBD.

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Section: Nafld In Ibd Patients With “Metabolic Syndrome Profile”mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Other Side of Malnutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2021

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“…More recent publications confirm most of these data and attribute them to the changed metabolic profile of IBD patients in recent years. Thanks to new biologic drugs, these patients have gone from being malnourished to being obesity/overweight in up to a third of cases[ 27 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Nafld and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with intestinal, pulmonary or skin diseases: Inflammatory cross-talk that needs a multidisciplinary approach

Pérez-Carreras¹,

Casis-Herce²,

Rivera³

et al. 2021

WJG

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently considered the most common cause of liver disease. Its prevalence is increasing in parallel with the obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) epidemics in developed countries. Several recent studies have suggested that NAFLD may be the hepatic manifestation of a systemic inflammatory metabolic disease that also affects other organs, such as intestine, lungs, skin and vascular endothelium. It appears that local and systemic proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine imbalance, together with insulin resistance and changes in the intestinal microbiota, are pathogenic mechanisms shared by NAFLD and other comorbidities. NAFLD is more common in patients with extrahepatic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obstructive syndrome apnea (OSA) and psoriasis than in the general population. Furthermore, there is evidence that this association has a negative impact on the severity of liver lesions. Specific risk characteristics for NAFLD have been identified in populations with IBD ( i.e . age, obesity, DM2, previous bowel surgery, IBD evolution time, methotrexate treatment), OSA ( i.e . obesity, DM2, OSA severity, increased transaminases) and psoriasis ( i.e . age, metabolic factors, severe psoriasis, arthropathy, elevated transaminases, methotrexate treatment). These specific phenotypes might be used by gastroenterologists, pneumologists and dermatologists to create screening algorithms for NAFLD. Such algorithms should include non-invasive markers of fibrosis used in NAFLD to select subjects for referral to the hepatologist. Prospective, controlled studies in NAFLD patients with extrahepatic comorbidities are required to demonstrate a causal relationship and also that appropriate multidisciplinary management improves these patients’ prognosis and survival.

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“…Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) -самый частый вариант патологии печени при ВЗК: до 55% случаев выявляют при ЯК, до 39% -при БК [7]. К традиционным факторам риска НАЖБП при ВЗК относят мужской пол, возраст, диету с высокой калорийностью и большой долей жиров [8][9][10]. В качестве триггеров также рассматривают синдром мальабсорбции с дефицитом белка, изменения микробиоты и гепатотоксические эффекты базисной терапии [11,12].…”

Section: клинические исследованияunclassified

Pathology of the Liver and Gallbladder in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Кудишина¹,

Козлова²,

Пахомова³

et al. 2021

EPh

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Pathology of the liver and gallbladder is one of the extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Targeted examination indicates clinical, laboratory, and structural changes in the liver and gallbladder in 30% of patients with IBD. However, information about the state of the hepatobiliary zone in comparison with the IBD phenotype, the features of the course, and the nature of therapy are few, and their results are contradictory. The aim − to study the frequency of occurrence, to analyze the structural and functional features of the liver and gallbladder in relation to the phenotype, clinical and endoscopic activity of the process, the nature of the course, and the effectiveness of IBD therapy. Material and methods. A simple, open, single-stage, non-randomized study involved 157 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 37 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who were treated in the Gastroenterology Department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 5 in Saratov in the period of 2016−2019. Complex clinical, biochemical, and instrumental studies were performed (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs, fibrogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy, general morphological examination of colonobioptates). Results. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was verified in 10.8% of patients with UC (3.8% had non-alcoholic steаthohepatitis (NASH), 7% − liver steatosis) and in 27% of patients with CD (NASH – 5.4% of cases, liver steatosis – 21.6%). Dysfunctional disorders and structural changes of the gallbladder were detected in 14.3% of patients with UC and 20.8% with CD. Of these, cholelithiasis was found in 9.5% of patients with UC and 10.8% with CD. When analyzing the association of risk factors for hepatobiliary pathology with a variant of IBD, NAFLD was associated with the type of IBD course (recurrent course for CD), localization of the process (in UC – with left-sided colitis, in CD – with terminal ileitis), an operational history on the intestine in CD, the duration of CD for more than five years, overweight in UC, and the effects of basic therapy (steroid resistance). The pathology of the gallbladder is associated with the duration of IBD for more than three years, the continuous course of UC, and surgical interventions on the intestine in CD. When analyzing laboratory and structural markers of steatosis, it was noted that high values of the steatosis index prevailed in UC (according to J.H. Lee). Abdominal ultrasound revealed mild (41% in UC, 40% in CD) and moderate (47.1% in UC, 50% in CD) liver steatosis more often. When analyzing the clinical features of the hepatobiliary system, it was found that liver pathology was detected by instrumental and laboratory criteria, and gallbladder pathology was characterized clinically by symptoms of biliary dyspepsia in the absence of biliary colic attacks. Conclusion. The features of liver and gallbladder pathology identified during the study can be used to optimize the management of patients with IBD

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Weight Gain and Liver Steatosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

The Other Side of Malnutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The Other Side of Malnutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with intestinal, pulmonary or skin diseases: Inflammatory cross-talk that needs a multidisciplinary approach

Pathology of the Liver and Gallbladder in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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