Weed Seed Bank Dynamics

Buhler, Douglas D.; Hartzler, Robert G.; Forcella, Frank

doi:10.1300/j144v01n01_07

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…In theory, soil seed banks of weed species can be depleted by preventing or severely reducing the addition of seeds to the seed bank, increasing seed mortality, and by management strategies that give favourable environment to germinate the existing seeds in the soil (Buhler et al, 1997;Gulden and Shirtliffe, 2009). In this regard, weed seed production needs to fall below the seedbank replacement value to ensure overall reduction in the soil seed bank (Schwartz-Lazaro and Copes, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Seed Bank Dynamics of Pastures Invaded by Navua Sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) in Tropical North Queensland

Chadha

Osunkoya²,

Shi³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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Navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) is threatening crops, pasture species and natural ecosystems in Pacific Island countries and northern Queensland, Australia. To aid future management efforts of this exotic invasive weed, research was conducted to understand the soil seed bank dynamics of pastures invaded by Navua sedge. Six grazing properties were chosen across two landscapes, coastal and inland/upland, with areas that had Navua sedge infestations in Queensland, Australia. At each site, soil was collected from two soil depths, 0-5 and 5-10 cm, and from plots with high and low infestation levels of Navua sedge. It was observed that the soil seed bank dynamics varied significantly between these study sites. Navua sedge was the dominant species in the soil seed bank at all the sites contributing between 62% to 95% of the total seed bank, while pasture seeds occupied only 3% to 24%. Broadleaf seeds were even lower in abundance, showing between 2% to 13% of the total seed count. The abundance of Navua sedge seed present in the soil was significantly correlated with the aboveground biomass of Navua sedge (r=0.53, p=0.006), but no correlation was found with the infestation age of Navua sedge. Based on this work, it is clear that the seed bank of Navua sedge is very large and concentrated within the top 0-5 cm of the soil, with, 83% of total Navua sedge seeds being in this layer. It was also noted that, although, high infestation plots had significantly higher number of seeds than low infestation plots, more than 18,000 Navua sedge seeds/m2 were still found in the 0-5 cm soil layer of plots regarded as low infestation. We suggest that insights achieved from our soil seed bank study may be used to devise management strategies to minimise the impact of Navua sedge weed in critical grazing and agricultural areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Seed Bank Dynamics of Pastures Invaded by Navua Sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) in Tropical North Queensland

Chadha

Osunkoya²,

Shi³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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“…We observed a significant reduction in the number of T. minuta and G. cordifolia panicles with increasing density of C. dactylon, which suggests that C. dactylon, can potentially reduce the invasive seed number and deposition. This highlights the great potential of this technique for managing weeds in affected areas [16,17]. The fact that the negative effects of C. dactylon were strongly visible in T. minuta versus G. cordifolia may be due to T. minuta's shorter and lighter roots compared to those of G. cordifolia [pers.…”

Section: Dactylon Effects On Invasive Plants Growth Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Cynodon dactylon Suppress the Growth and Development of the Invasive Weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia?

Ngondya

Treydte

Ndakidemi

2019

Plants

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Approaches to managing invasive plants is challenging, particularly in protected areas where conventional methods, such as chemical herbicide applications are limited. We studied the effects of varying densities of Cynodon dactylon on the growth and development of the invasive weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia in northern Tanzania. We conducted pot and field plot experiments following a completely randomized block design that was replicated three times. Increasing densities of C. dactylon significantly reduced growth, leaf total chlorophyll, biomass and significantly increased leaf anthocyanin of both T. minuta and G. cordifolia invasives. Our results further showed that the critical density of C. dactylon to suppress the two invasive species is ≥ 8 plants/m2. We suggest that C. dactylon can successfully be used as an alternative eco-friendly and sustainable approach for managing invasive weeds, such as T. minuta and G. cordifolia. This management technique can additionally improve forage production and biomass for wild and domestic herbivores in the affected areas.

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“…While there have been many studies focused on weed seed biology and seedbank management (Buhler et al 1998), research focused on reducing weed seed production by manipulating flowering and seed set is lacking. At anthesis, pollen grains landing on a compatible stigma may germinate and produce pollen tubes that grow through the style to fertilize the ovules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring sterile pollen technique as a novel tool for management of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

Wu,

Mesgaran

2024

Weed Sci

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The success of the insect sterile technique (IST) in managing insect pests raised the hypothesis that a similar approach could be employed to control weed populations. Here, we investigated the feasibility of employing irradiated sterile pollen as a means to disrupt seed production in dioecious weeds, specifically focusing on Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson). Our goal was to determine the optimal irradiation dose that strikes a balance between inducing sterility and preserving competitiveness, as excessive doses could result in pollen mortality, while low doses may retain fertility. Plants were grown in a greenhouse during the summer of 2020 and spring of 2021. Once they reached the flowering stage, male and female individuals were isolated. Mature pollen samples were collected and exposed to varying dosages (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 Gy) of gamma rays. These irradiated and non-irradiated pollen samples were used in pollen viability assessments and hand-pollination experiments. In the hand-pollination study conducted in 2020, we employed six pollination treatments using different irradiation doses. The results showed that 300 Gy was the most effective dose, resulting in a maximum reduction of 30% in seed set compared with open pollination when irradiated pollen had prior access to the stigma through artificial pollination before open pollination. In 2021, to simulate real field conditions, three additional treatments were introduced into the study, further confirming the effectiveness of the optimal 300 Gy dose. Our findings indicate that the sterile pollen technique (SPT) using irradiated pollen can be a valuable approach for reducing weed seed production. SPT also holds potential for broad-spectrum weed control by mixing sterile pollen from multiple weed species in a single application. Additionally, it could aid in managing herbicide-resistant weeds that have survived in-season control efforts. This research contributes to the development of novel and sustainable weed management strategies.

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Weed Seed Bank Dynamics

Cited by 36 publications

References 78 publications

Soil Seed Bank Dynamics of Pastures Invaded by Navua Sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) in Tropical North Queensland

Soil Seed Bank Dynamics of Pastures Invaded by Navua Sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) in Tropical North Queensland

Can Cynodon dactylon Suppress the Growth and Development of the Invasive Weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia?

Exploring sterile pollen technique as a novel tool for management of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

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