Weed Control

Appleby, Arnold P.; Müller, Franz; Carpy, Serge

doi:10.1002/14356007.a28_165

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…ATZ was originally introduced to limit the growth of broadleaf plants. It has been proposed that ATZ induces oxidative damage in plants caused by the breakdown in the electron transport chain process during photosynthesis (112). In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain and ATP synthase function are found in inner mitochondrial membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to the widely used herbicide atrazine results in deregulation of global tissue-specific RNA transcription in the third generation and is associated with a global decrease of histone trimethylation in mice

et al. 2016

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The epigenetic events imposed during germline reprogramming and affected by harmful exposure can be inherited and transferred to subsequent generations via gametes inheritance. In this study, we examine the transgenerational effects promoted by widely used herbicide atrazine (ATZ). We exposed pregnant outbred CD1 female mice and the male progeny was crossed for three generations with untreated females. We demonstrate here that exposure to ATZ affects meiosis, spermiogenesis and reduces the spermatozoa number in the third generation (F3) male mice. We suggest that changes in testis cell types originate from modified transcriptional network in undifferentiated spermatogonia. Importantly, exposure to ATZ dramatically increases the number of transcripts with novel transcription initiation sites, spliced variants and alternative polyadenylation sites. We found the global decrease in H3K4me3 occupancy in the third generation males. The regions with altered H3K4me3 occupancy in F3 ATZ-derived males correspond to altered H3K4me3 occupancy of F1 generation and 74% of changed peaks in F3 generation are associated with enhancers. The regions with altered H3K4me3 occupancy are enriched in SP family and WT1 transcription factor binding sites. Our data suggest that the embryonic exposure to ATZ affects the development and the changes induced by ATZ are transferred up to three generations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to the widely used herbicide atrazine results in deregulation of global tissue-specific RNA transcription in the third generation and is associated with a global decrease of histone trimethylation in mice

et al. 2016

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“…The loss of crop yields due to weeds is enormous (Appleby et al, 2000). Potential yield reductions caused by uncontrolled weed growth throughout a crop season have an estimated range of 45–95%, depending on ecological and climatic conditions (Moody, 1991) whereas; it is even greater in the developing and underdeveloped countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of the noxious weed; Medicago polymorpha L. via allelopathy of some medicinal plants from Taif region, Saudi Arabia

Algandaby

El-Darier

2018

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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Germination bioassay was carried out to test the biological activity of Achillea santolina L. (ASAE), Artemisia monosperma Del. (AMAE), Pituranthus tortuosus L. (PTAE) and Thymus capitatus L. (TCAE) aqueous extracts (collected from Taif region, KSA) on germination percentage (GP), plumule (PL) and radicle (RL) lengths (mm) besides seedling dry weight (SDW) (mg/seedlings) of Medicago polymorpha L. The inhibitory effect of P. tortuosus was insignificant compared to the other three donor species which attained the strongest allelopathic potential in the following order: A. santolina > A. monosperma > T. capitatus. Growth experiment using crude powder of the four donor species was conducted to examine their effects on leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic pigments, total available carbohydrates (TAC) and total protein (TP). It is worth mentioning that each of the four donor species crude powders mixed with clay loam soil appeared to have a great inhibitory allelopathic effect on LAI, total photosynthetic pigment and chlorophyll a (Chl a) while carotenoids exhibited a slight increase with the application of the four donor species crude powders. TAC and TP were significantly decreased with increasing the crude powder concentrations while a slight decrease was recorded for carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. There is possibility of using these allelochemicals directly or as structural leads for the discovery and development of environmentally friendly herbicides to control weeds. The study recommended that these species must be phytochemically examined in future for their allelochemicals in order to provide information on the possibilities of using one or more of these species as bioherbicides.

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“…Furthermore, he estimated, as follows, the potential losses of six major herbaceous field crops: wheat −23%, rice −37%, maize −40%, potato −30%, soybean −37% and cotton −36%. The annual global economic loss caused by weeds was estimated by Appleby et al [3] at more than 100 billion US dollars, while Kraehmer and Baur [4] assessed their control global cost as running into the $ billions. For this reason, and considering also that weeds are a dynamic threat, weed control has always been placed in the center of the agricultural activity by farmers since ancient times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Weed Management in Herbaceous Field Crops

2020

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Current awareness about the environmental impact of intensive agriculture, mainly pesticides and herbicides, has driven the research community and the government institutions to program and develop new eco-friendly agronomic practices for pest control. In this scenario, integrated pest management and integrated weed management (IWM) have become mandatory. Weeds are commonly recognized as the most important biotic factor affecting crop production, especially in organic farming and low-input agriculture. In herbaceous field crops, comprising a wide diversity of plant species playing a significant economic importance, a compendium of the specific IWM systems is missing, that, on the contrary, have been developed for single species. The main goal of this review is to fill such gap by discussing the general principles and basic aspects of IWM to develop the most appropriate strategy for herbaceous field crops. In particular, a 4-step approach is proposed: (i) prevention, based on the management of the soil seedbank and the improvement of the crop competitiveness against weeds, (ii) weed mapping, aiming at knowing the biological and ecological characteristics of weeds present in the field, (iii) the decision-making process on the basis of the critical period of weed control and weed thresholds and iv) direct control (mechanical, physical, biological and chemical). Moreover, the last paragraph discusses and suggests possible integrations of allelopathic mechanisms in IWM systems.

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Weed Control

Cited by 26 publications

References 78 publications

Exposure to the widely used herbicide atrazine results in deregulation of global tissue-specific RNA transcription in the third generation and is associated with a global decrease of histone trimethylation in mice

Exposure to the widely used herbicide atrazine results in deregulation of global tissue-specific RNA transcription in the third generation and is associated with a global decrease of histone trimethylation in mice

Management of the noxious weed; Medicago polymorpha L. via allelopathy of some medicinal plants from Taif region, Saudi Arabia

Integrated Weed Management in Herbaceous Field Crops

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