Web-based Social Media Intervention to Increase Vaccine Acceptance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Glanz, Jason M.; Wägner, Nicole; Narwaney, Komal J.; Kraus, Courtney R.; Shoup, Jo Ann; Xu, Stanley; O’Leary, Sean T.; Omer, Saad B.; Gleason, Kathy; Daley, Matthew F.

doi:10.1542/peds.2017-1117

Cited by 148 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Passive interventions such as increasing knowledge or reminder-recalls have been shown to be the least effective in addressing vaccine hesitancy [40], and there is a need for more dialogue-based approaches targeted to specific sub-populations with an intended focus on social networks [40]. In a recent randomized-controlled trial, Glanz et al (2017) found that web-based information delivered on vaccines via social media platforms during pregnancy can have a positive impact on parental vaccine decisions [41]. However, communication strategies on immunization via social media are still not well understood and caution must be used to prevent legitimizing vaccine hesitancy [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User-driven comments on a Facebook advertisement recruiting Canadian parents in a study on immunization: Content Analysis (Preprint)

Tustin¹,

Crowcroft²,

Gesink³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background: More people are searching for immunization information online and potentially being exposed to misinformation and anti-vaccine sentiment via content and discussions on social media platforms. As vaccination coverage rates remain sub-optimal in several developed countries, and outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases [VPDs] become more prevalent, it is important that we build on previous research by analyzing themes in online vaccination discussions, including those that individuals may see without actively searching for information on immunization. Objective: The study aimed to explore the sentiments and themes behind an unsolicited debate on immunization in order to better inform public health interventions countering anti-vaccine sentiment. Methods: We analyzed and quantified 117 user-driven open-ended comments on immunization posted in the 'Comments' section of a Facebook advertisement that targeted Canadian parents for recruitment into a larger study on immunization. Two raters coded all comments using content analysis. Conclusions:The large number of unsolicited user-driven comments on a platform not intended for discussion nor providing any information on immunization, illustrates the strong sentiments associated with immunization, and the arbitrariness of the online platforms used for immunization debates. Health authorities should be more pro-active in refuting misinformation and misperceptions currently propagating uncontested online. Online debates and communications on immunization need to be identified by continuous monitoring in order for health authorities to understand the current themes and trends, and to engage in the discussion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User-driven comments on a Facebook advertisement recruiting Canadian parents in a study on immunization: Content Analysis (Preprint)

Tustin¹,

Crowcroft²,

Gesink³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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show abstract

“…It is more effective to be respectful, stick to your message, identify where to find more information and exit the conversation, that is, limit direct engagement with those who have strong anti-vaccination views, either online or in person. Repeating their arguments as you attempt to refute them can be counterproductive as the misinformation may stick (21). SERIES CANVax -www.canvax.ca When you do engage in social media opportunities, do so wisely.…”

Section: Avoid Unproductive Debates and Be Respectfulmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tailored and targeted messages and information can help shape attitudes and improve uptake (22,23). As noted above, it can be useful to alert others to anti-vaccination tactics in public forums (20,21). Get your point across succinctly-remember that stories are often more powerful than dry facts and numbers-and steer readers to reputable sites for more quality information.…”

Section: Avoid Unproductive Debates and Be Respectfulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting immunization resiliency in the digital information age

MacDonald¹,

Dubé²

2020

CCDR

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The avalanche of online information on immunization is having a major impact on the percentage of the population who choose to get vaccinated. Vaccine misinformation spreads widely with the interactive Web 2.0 and social media; this can bury science-based information. A plethora of immunization misinformation online is affecting trust in health care professionals and in public immunization programs. There are no simple solutions to this, but seven evidence-based strategies can help. First, listen to patients' and parents' concerns, and demonstrate responsiveness by adopting best immunization practices, such as pain mitigation. Second, recognize and alert others to anti-immunization tactics, namely, conspiracy theories, fake experts, selectivity, demands that vaccines be 100% safe and effective, misrepresentation and false logic. Third, avoid unproductive debates with those who have strongly held views, both in person and when using social media. Be respectful, stick to your key message, identify where to find useful information and exit. Fourth, consider establishing an attractive, easily searchable online presence that reflects the complex art of persuasion. Emphasize the benefits of vaccine, use reader-friendly graphics and highlight facts with stories to strengthen your case. Fifth, work with social media platform providers, not to stifle freedom of expression, but to help ensure that misinformation is not favoured in searches. Sixth, promote curriculum development in the schools to improve students' understanding of the benefits and safety of immunization and to foster critical thinking skills. To do this, optimize the use of age-appropriate comics and interactive learning tools such as electronic games. Seventh, to shift the narrative in specific communities with low vaccination rates, work with community leaders to build tailored programs that foster trust and reflect local values.

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“…Similar to the themes of the broader noncompliance literature, additional studies of noncompliance with childhood immunizations draw on factors that have been found to influence parents’ vaccination hesitance and recommend what government should or could do to enhance compliance (e.g., Dubé et al ). Such recommendations emphasize the need to map and identify parents’ concerns (Oladejo et al ), the need to apply cognitive and social psychological insights while shaping interventions (Rossen et al ) as well as the need to develop web‐based interventions for the purpose of helping parents make evidence‐based decisions (Glanz et al ). Reviewing the literature on childhood vaccination noncompliance and public health interventions demonstrates the preponderance of top‐down approaches to public noncompliance, focusing on formal, long‐term interventions.…”

Section: Public Noncompliance With Childhood Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negotiated compliance at the street level: Personalizing immunization in England, Israel and Sweden

Gofen

Blomqvist

Needham

et al. 2018

Public Administration

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Often portrayed as behaviour that is inconsistent with policy goals, public noncompliance poses a significant challenge for government. To explore what compliance efforts entail on the ground, this study focuses on childhood immunization as a paradigmatic case where a failure to ensure compliance poses a public health risk. The analysis draws on 48 semi‐structured interviews with frontline nurses and regional/national public health officials in England (N = 15), Sweden (N = 17) and Israel (N = 16), all of which have experienced periodic noncompliance spikes, but differ in direct delivery of vaccination provision. Compliance efforts emerged as a joint decision‐making process in which improvisatory practices of personalized appeals are deployed to accommodate parents’ concerns, termed here ‘street‐level negotiation’. Whereas compliance is suggestive of compelling citizens’ adherence to standardized rules, compliance negotiation draws attention to the limited resources street‐level workers have when encountering noncompliance and to policy‐clients’ influence on delivery arrangements when holding discretionary power over whether or not to comply.

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Web-based Social Media Intervention to Increase Vaccine Acceptance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract: Providing Web-based vaccine information with social media applications during pregnancy can positively influence parental vaccine behaviors.

Cited by 148 publications

References 30 publications

User-driven comments on a Facebook advertisement recruiting Canadian parents in a study on immunization: Content Analysis (Preprint)

User-driven comments on a Facebook advertisement recruiting Canadian parents in a study on immunization: Content Analysis (Preprint)

Promoting immunization resiliency in the digital information age

Negotiated compliance at the street level: Personalizing immunization in England, Israel and Sweden

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