Wearable Skin Sensors and Their Challenges: A Review of Transdermal, Optical, and Mechanical Sensors

Tarar, Ammar; Mohammad, Umair; Srivastava, S. D.

doi:10.3390/bios10060056

Cited by 60 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…We will generate critical insights on whether consumer-grade wearables that measure hr, activity (steps/day), sleep duration and body shell temperature can be used to generate valid and reliable data on an individual level in low-resource context. Wearable devices can be deemed unreliable, in particular when human activity impedes measurement [ 63 ]. A study has found that substantial differences exist between various devices and various activities, at times showing significantly high average error as compared to measured resting periods [ 64 ].…”

Section: Expected Outcomes Of the Study And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility, acceptability and validation of wearable devices for climate change and health research in the low-resource contexts of Burkina Faso and Kenya: Study protocol

et al. 2021

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As the epidemiological transition progresses throughout sub-Saharan Africa, life lived with diseases is an increasingly important part of a population’s burden of disease. The burden of disease of climate-sensitive health outcomes is projected to increase considerably within the next decades. Objectively measured, reliable population health data is still limited and is primarily based on perceived illness from recall. Technological advances like non-invasive, consumer-grade wearable devices may play a vital role in alleviating this data gap and in obtaining insights on the disease burden in vulnerable populations, such as heat stress on human cardiovascular response. The overall goal of this study is to investigate whether consumer-grade wearable devices are an acceptable, feasible and valid means to generate data on the individual level in low-resource contexts. Three hundred individuals are recruited from the two study locations in the Nouna health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS), Burkina Faso, and the Siaya HDSS, Kenya. Participants complete a structured questionnaire that comprises question items on acceptability and feasibility under the supervision of trained data collectors. Validity will be evaluated by comparing consumer-grade wearable devices to research-grade devices. Furthermore, we will collect demographic data as well as the data generated by wearable devices. This study will provide insights into the usage of consumer-grade wearable devices to measure individual vital signs in low-resource contexts, such as Burkina Faso and Kenya. Vital signs comprising activity (steps), sleep (duration, quality) and heart rate (hr) are important measures to gain insights on individual behavior and activity patterns in low-resource contexts. These vital signs may be associated with weather variables—as we gather them from weather stations that we have setup as part of this study to cover the whole Nouna and Siaya HDSSs—in order to explore changes in behavior and other variables, such as activity, sleep, hr, during extreme weather events like heat stress exposure. Furthermore, wearable data could be linked to health outcomes and weather events. As a result, consumer-grade wearables may serve as a supporting technology for generating reliable measurements in low-resource contexts and investigating key links between weather occurrences and health outcomes. Thus, wearable devices may provide insights to better inform mitigation and adaptation interventions in these low-resource settings that are direly faced by climate change-induced changes, such as extreme weather events.

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Section: Expected Outcomes Of the Study And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility, acceptability and validation of wearable devices for climate change and health research in the low-resource contexts of Burkina Faso and Kenya: Study protocol

et al. 2021

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“…heart rate and oxygen saturation estimation by smart watches, [67]); (ii) sampling interstitial fluids via microneedle (e.g. continuous glucose monitors, [68]); (iii) motion sensors (e.g. ventilation, [69]); or (iv) sampling of eccrine sweat (e.g.…”

Section: Major Barriers To Physiologging Research (A) Internal Logger Placementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future trends in measuring physiology in free-living animals

Williams

Shipley

Rutz

et al. 2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Thus far, ecophysiology research has predominantly been conducted within controlled laboratory-based environments, owing to a mismatch between the recording technologies available for physiological monitoring in wild animals and the suite of behaviours and environments they need to withstand, without unduly affecting subjects. While it is possible to record some physiological variables for free-living animals using animal-attached logging devices, including inertial-measurement, heart-rate and temperature loggers, the field is still in its infancy. In this opinion piece, we review the most important future research directions for advancing the field of ‘physiologging’ in wild animals, including the technological development that we anticipate will be required, and the fiscal and ethical challenges that must be overcome. Non-invasive, multi-sensor miniature devices are ubiquitous in the world of human health and fitness monitoring, creating invaluable opportunities for animal and human physiologging to drive synergistic advances. We argue that by capitalizing on the research efforts and advancements made in the development of human wearables, it will be possible to design the non-invasive loggers needed by ecophysiologists to collect accurate physiological data from free-ranging animals ethically and with an absolute minimum of impact. In turn, findings have the capacity to foster transformative advances in human health monitoring. Thus, we invite biomedical engineers and researchers to collaborate with the animal-tagging community to drive forward the advancements necessary to realize the full potential of both fields. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part II)’.

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“…-Sensing: Sensors are the eyes and ears of wearable devices, measuring mechanical, electrical, chemical, optical, and other signals originating from the body and thus largely defining the utility available from a given device (Bandodkar and Wang, 2014;Nag et al, 2017;Ahmad Tarar et al, 2020;Shi et al, 2020). In the area of sensors, most of the recent progress is driven by advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and Nanotechnologies (Jayathilaka et al, 2019).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%