Wearable Polarization Conversion Metasurface MIMO Antenna for Biomedical Applications in 5 GHz WBAN

Wu, Rigeng; Dong, Jian; Wang, Meng

doi:10.3390/bios13010073

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As a result, their performance may be impacted compared to antennas placed in free space due to the lossy and non-homogeneous coupling of the physical body [7]- [9]. Besides that, the effects of the antennas on human tissues must be considered, which can be evaluated based on its Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) limits which must abide by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards [10]- [12]. Microstrip patch antenna [8], [14], planar monopole [15], [16], planar inverted-F shaped [17], fractal [18], reconfigurable [19] and Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) [20] are some of the antennas proposed for WBAN applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

et al. 2023

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The design and analysis of a compact dual-band wearable antenna for WBAN applications is presented. The antenna was prototyped on a semi-flexible Rogers Duroid RO3003™ with compact dimensions of 41 × 44 mm 2 which corresponds to 0.33 λ0 × 0.35 λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 2.4 GHz. The antenna is designed in the preliminary stage to resonate at 5.8 GHz. An inverted U-shaped slot is added to the patch to create one more resonant frequency at 2.4 GHz. In order to enhance the antenna's bandwidth and gain, two slots at the patch's bottom edge and a partial ground are added. The measured percentage of impedance bandwidth at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz are 3.75% and 5.17%, respectively. The gain is measured to be 3.74 dBi and 5.13 dBi and the efficiency is 91.4% and 92.3%, respectively at the operating bands. The measured radiation patterns exhibit a bidirectional and directional radiation pattern in the E-plane at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands, while omnidirectional radiation patterns are observed in the H-plane. At 2.4 GHz, the SAR limits are simulated to be 0.955 W/kg and 0.571 W/kg for 1 g and 10 g of human tissue, while at 5.8 GHz, the SAR limits are 0.478 W/kg and 0.127 W/kg, respectively. Therefore, the proposed antenna has met the FCC and ICNIRP standards. Bending conditions and on-body measurements of the proposed antenna indicate that the antenna's performance is unaffected. As a result, it is shown that the antenna possessed the ability to be utilized in WBAN applications.INDEX TERMS Dual-band, patch antenna, WBAN applications, SAR, bending condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

et al. 2023

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“…To verify the MIMO performance of the antenna, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflective coefficient (TARC), channel capacity loss (CCL), and diversity gain (DG) [24] are calculated and illustrated in Fig. 4i-l.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COMPACT TWO-PORT ANTENNA WITH PARASITIC NOTCH AND DEFECTive GROUND FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

GUPTA,

BHARTI,

KUMAR

2023

RRST-EE

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This paper presents a compact multiple input multiple output antenna (MIMO) with a wireless local area network (WLAN) notch characteristic for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The two modified rectangular radiators share a common ground that provides UWB response. The design is modeled over FR4 material and has an overall compact size of 0.34 λ0 × 0.24 λ0 × 0.015 λ0 mm3 at the frequency of 2.9 GHz. A tree-shaped decoupling structure with multiple slots in the ground is introduced between the ports to establish good isolation. The open-ended slots in the ground perturb diminish the surface current between two ports and ensure the isolation larger than 20 dB in the entire UWB from 2.9 GHz to 10.2 GHz. An S-shaped parasitic stub is utilized at the backside of the radiating element to implement a band notch characteristic from 5.03 GHz to 5.90 GHz. The proposed antenna is also investigated for wearable applications with a human tissue model showing a small SAR value (less than 1.6 W/kg). The simulated and measured result shows that the designed antenna suits MIMO performance and wearable devices.

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“…In order to perceive, detect, and avoid obstacles, Chen et al [ 27 ] incorporated multidimensional environmental information from camera and LiDAR. The sensor network adopted in literature [ 28 ] is also an alternative to replace our communication system. Although the point cloud information can be enriched by clustering, it is difficult to identify objects accurately, for the insufficient features from the point cloud.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Surface Targets Detection Based on the Fusion of Vision and LiDAR

Wang

Xiao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The use of vision for the recognition of water targets is easily influenced by reflections and ripples, resulting in misidentification. This paper proposed a detection method based on the fusion of 3D point clouds and visual information to detect and locate water surface targets. The point clouds help to reduce the impact of ripples and reflections, and the recognition accuracy is enhanced by visual information. This method consists of three steps: Firstly, the water surface target is detected using the CornerNet-Lite network, and then the candidate target box and camera detection confidence are determined. Secondly, the 3D point cloud is projected onto the two-dimensional pixel plane, and the confidence of LiDAR detection is calculated based on the ratio between the projected area of the point clouds and the pixel area of the bounding box. The target confidence is calculated with the camera detection and LiDAR detection confidence, and the water surface target is determined by combining the detection thresholds. Finally, the bounding box is used to determine the 3D point clouds of the target and estimate its 3D coordinates. The experiment results showed this method reduced the misidentification rate and had 15.5% higher accuracy compared with traditional CornerNet-Lite network. By combining the depth information from LiDAR, the position of the target relative to the detection coordinate system origin could be accurately estimated.

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Wearable Polarization Conversion Metasurface MIMO Antenna for Biomedical Applications in 5 GHz WBAN

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

COMPACT TWO-PORT ANTENNA WITH PARASITIC NOTCH AND DEFECTive GROUND FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Water Surface Targets Detection Based on the Fusion of Vision and LiDAR

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