Weak ferromagnetism in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CaB</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>

Bennett, Michael; Lierop, J. van; Berkeley, E. M.; Mansfield, John F.; Henderson, Carl; Aronson, M. C.; Young, David P.; Bianchi, A.; Fisk, Z.; Balakirev, Fedor; Lacerda, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.69.132407

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Conclusive evidence for intrinsic ferromagnetism in semiconductors is highly nontrivial. For example, early work reporting ferromagnetism even at nearly 900 K in La-doped CaBa 6 Ott et al, 2000;Tromp et al, 2001), was later revisited suggesting extrinsic effect (Bennett et al, 2003). It remains to be understood what the limitations are for using extrinsic ferromagnets and, for example, whether they can be effective spin injectors.…”

Section: B Materials Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications

2004

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Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and well-established results. The primary focus is on the basic physical principles underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and spin-polarized transport in semiconductors and metals. Spin transport differs from charge transport in that spin is a nonconserved quantity in solids due to spin-orbit and hyperfine coupling. The authors discuss in detail spin decoherence mechanisms in metals and semiconductors. Various theories of spin injection and spin-polarized transport are applied to hybrid structures relevant to spin-based devices and fundamental studies of materials properties. Experimental work is reviewed with the emphasis on projected applications, in which external electric and magnetic fields and illumination by light will be used to control spin and charge dynamics to create new functionalities not feasible or ineffective with conventional electronics. CONTENTS

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Section: B Materials Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications

2004

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“…[3][4][5] The Curie temperature there was 900 K. Subsequent studies of highly pure powder showed no measurable ferromagnetism, 6 the effect was attributed to traces of iron or iron boride in the crystals. 7,8 Nonetheless, there are persistent indications of small ferromagnetic moments in CaB 6 , which depend on sample stoichiometry and heat treatment. 4,6,9 We recently observed large moments in disordered thin films of CaB 6 and SrB 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetism in hafnium dioxide

et al. 2005

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Thin films of HfO 2 produced by pulsed-laser deposition on sapphire, yttria-stabilized zirconia, or silicon substrates show ferromagnetic magnetization curves with little hysteresis and extrapolated Curie temperatures far in excess of 400 K. The moment does not scale with film thickness, but in terms of substrate area it is typically in the range 150-400 B nm −2 . The magnetization exhibits a remarkable anisotropy, which depends on texture and substrate orientation. Pure HfO 2 powder develops a weak magnetic moment on heating in vacuum, which is eliminated on annealing in oxygen. Lattice defects are the likely source of the magnetism.

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“…The hypothesis that extraneous ferromagnetic phases are the source of the ferromagnetism can be excluded on the basis of the data at hand: (i) iron is the most likely ferromagnetic contaminant, 11,13 but an Fe/ Ca atomic ratio exceeding 100% would be needed to explain the magnetization of the thinnest CaB 6 less than 3%; (ii) much smaller moments are observed for CaB 6 films on MgO which proves that no extraneous ferromagnetism arises from the substrate or deposition process; and (iii) an anisotropy of the ferromagnetism found in some of the films is quite unlike that of any known ferromagnetic phase, although it is similar to that discovered in thin films of What then is the origin of this remarkable ferromagnetism? The data suggest that the effect is governed by the material/substrate combination.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetism in thin films of CaB6 and SrB6

Dorneles

Venkatesan

Moliner

et al. 2004

Applied Physics Letters

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Thin films of disordered hexaborides CaB 6 and SrB 6 deposited by pulsed-laser deposition on MgO (100) or Al 2 O 3 (001) substrates are ferromagnetic. A typical room-temperature moment per unit area of substrate is 350 B nm −2 , with the largest values being found for CaB 6 on Al 2 O 3 . Lattice defects are the likely origin of the exotic, high-temperature magnetism. The moment, which is present in films as thin as 12 nm, appears to reside in an interface layer whose polarization is approximately 0.4 Tesla.

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Weak ferromagnetism inCaB6

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications

Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications

Magnetism in hafnium dioxide

Magnetism in thin films of CaB6 and SrB6

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