‘We Know Where You are’: Psychological Operations Media during Enduring Freedom

Manufacturing consent in Iraq: interference in the post-Saddam media sector

“…A prominent American public relations executive, Charlotte Beers, was hired by the US State Department 'to find a way to counter the loathsome reputation of the US in the Islamic world, to concentrate attention on America's positives' (Rutherford 2004: 29). Not surprisingly, the campaign failed miserably and was halted in 2003 before Beers resigned (Rutherford 2004: 30;Taylor 2003;Van Ham 2003). Notwithstanding this first defeat in the propaganda arm of the War on Terror, the United States, along with other political powers both outside and within Iraq, would continue to deploy media as a weapon of mass persuasion following the 2003 invasion.…”

“…campaign aimed at winning the 'hearts and minds' of Middle Eastern peoples (Taylor 2003;Van Ham 2003). A prominent American public relations executive, Charlotte Beers, was hired by the US State Department 'to find a way to counter the loathsome reputation of the US in the Islamic world, to concentrate attention on America's positives' (Rutherford 2004: 29).…”

A comparative framing analysis of ISIL in the online coverage of CNN and Al-Jazeera

“…Also, during the first months of the so-called Arab Spring, Al-Jazeera has played a crucial role supporting the political change in the region. Taylor (2003) describes Al-Jazeera as "a unique experiment within traditionally state-controlled Arab media systems that had been subjected to considerable censorship of both news and views." He also gives an example of how it is unique by mentioning that many Arab leaders in authoritarian regimes have complained about its news coverage.…”

US Soldiers Imaging the Iraq War on YouTube

“…However, cable and satellite television, as well as new media technology, have made it more difficult for nation states to control the information crossing their borders (Webster, 2003). The information front is no longer confined to traditional mass media but extended to an increasingly porous and fast global communication space (Taylor, 2003).…”