Ways of coloring: Comparative color vision as a case study for cognitive science

The function of avian ultraviolet (UV) vision is only just beginning to be understood. One plausible hypothesis is that UV vision enhances the foraging ability of birds. To test this, we carried out behavioural experiments using wild-caught blue tits foraging for cabbage moth and winter moth caterpillars on natural and arti¢cial backgrounds. The light environment in our experiments was manipulated using either UVblocking or UV-transmitting ¢lters. We found that the blue tits tended to ¢nd the ¢rst prey item (out of four) more quickly when UV cues were present. This suggests that UV vision o¡ers bene¢ts to birds when searching for cryptic prey, despite the prey and backgrounds re£ecting relatively little UV. Although there was no direct e¡ect of UVon the time taken to ¢nd all four prey items in a trial, search performance in the absence of UV wavelengths tended to increase over the course of an experiment. This may re£ect changes in the search tactics of the birds. To our knowledge, these are the ¢rst data to suggest that birds use UVcues to detect cryptic insect prey, and have implications for our understanding of protective coloration.

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“…Hue perception results from comparison of cone outputs, brightness from their summation (e.g. Thompson et al 1992). Although it has Figure 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet cues affect the foraging behaviour of blue tits

Church

Bennett

Cuthill

et al. 1998

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

120

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“…They were developed with Humberto Maturana, and grew out of Maturana's earlier work on the biology of cognition (Maturana 1969(Maturana , 1970Maturana andVarela 1980, 1987). The remaining ideas were presented by Varela, Thompson, and Rosch (1991), by Thompson, Palacios, and Varela (1992), and were elaborated by Varela and Thompson in a number of subsequent papers (e.g., Varela 1991Varela , 1997Thompson 2001;Thompson and Varela 2001;Varela and Thompson 2003). 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensorimotor Subjectivity and the Enactive Approach to Experience

Thompson¹

2017

Preprint

Self Cite

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Abstract.The enactive approach offers a distinctive view of how mental life relates to bodily activity at three levels: bodily self-regulation, sensorimotor coupling, and intersubjective interaction. This paper concentrates on the second level of sensorimotor coupling. An account is given of how the subjectively lived body and the living body of the organism are related (the body-body problem) via dynamic sensorimotor activity, and it is shown how this account helps to bridge the explanatory gap between consciousness and the brain. Arguments by O'Regan, Noë, and Myin that seek to account for the phenomenal character of perceptual consciousness in terms of 'bodiliness' and 'grabbiness' are considered. It is suggested that their account does not pay sufficient attention to two other key aspects of perceptual phenomenality: the autonomous nature of the experiencing self or agent, and the pre-reflective nature of bodily self-consciousness. The Enactive ApproachThe name "the enactive approach" and the associated concept of enaction were introduced into cognitive science by Varela, Thompson, and Rosch (1991) in order to describe and unify under one heading several related ideas. 1The first idea is that living beings are autonomous agents that actively generate and maintain their identities, and thereby enact or bring forth their own cognitive domains. The second idea is that the nervous system is an autonomous system: it actively generates and maintains its own coherent and meaningful patterns of activity, according to its operation as an organizationally closed or circular and re-entrant sensorimotor network of interacting neurons. The nervous system does not process information in the computationalist sense, but creates meaning. The third idea is that cognition is a form of embodied action. Cognitive structures and processes emerge from recurrent sensorimotor patterns of perception and action. Sensorimotor coupling between organism and environment modulates, but does not determine, the formation of endogenous, dynamic patterns of neural activity, which in turn inform sensorimotor coupling. The fourth idea is that a cognitive being's world is not a pre-specified, external realm, represented internally by its brain, but a relational domain enacted or brought forth by that being's autonomous agency and mode of coupling with the environment. This

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“…O estímulo subjetivo para a percepção cromática é bastante estudado nas áreas da neurologia, neuro-oftalmologia e também da psicologia, nas pesquisas de Oliver Sacks (1995), Semir Zeki (1990) e E. Thompson (1992). Casos de acromatopsia cerebral adquirida têm sido considerados como uma prova de que a percepção visual cromática, assim como toda percepção vinda dos sentidos, não está localizada numa única região delimitada do cérebro humano, mas ao contrário, que mantém relação estreita com as áreas determinadas à linguagem e à motricidade, por exemplo.…”

Section: Simultaneidade E Mutabilidadeunclassified

A cor na fotografia em preto-e-branco como uma flagrante manifestação cultural

Silveira¹

2005

Tec.Soc.

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1 Este texto foi produzido com o apoio do CNPQ e faz parte da pesquisa em curso intitulado " 2 Doutora em Comunicação e Semiótica, professora e pesquisadora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia (PPGTE) da UTFPR Nosso mundo visível é colorido e por isso a cor participa de diversas formas na nossa percepção. Neste contexto, a cor não se restringe ao sentido poético, nos auxiliando também a perceber texturas, bordas, temperaturas e distâncias, além dos significados atribuídos culturalmente aos objetos. A percepção visual cromática é construída durante toda a vida de um indivíduo (Gibson, 1974), sendo a cor uma das principais características agregadas aos objetos percebidos. Assim, atribuímos culturalmente a uma imagem em preto-e-branco o sentido de uma imagem incolor, sem vida ou sem emoção, enfim uma imagem que não despertaria a percepção cromática. Colaborando com essa idéia, a complexidade do processo de apreensão do nosso mundo físico visual não nos permite desprovê-lo conscientemente da cor apenas através dos olhos, ou seja, para tornar o nosso mundo colorido um mundo em preto-e-branco, necessitamos da nossa imaginação ou de aparelhos como uma câmera fotográfica ou vídeo.As imagens em preto-e-branco que povoam o nosso mundo visual são produzidas por meio de várias mediações como a pintura, a gravura, o C u r i t i b a , n . 1 , o u t u b r o d e 2 0 0 5

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Ways of coloring: Comparative color vision as a case study for cognitive science

Cited by 247 publications

References 266 publications

Ultraviolet cues affect the foraging behaviour of blue tits

Ultraviolet cues affect the foraging behaviour of blue tits

Sensorimotor Subjectivity and the Enactive Approach to Experience

A cor na fotografia em preto-e-branco como uma flagrante manifestação cultural

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