Wax-Impregnated Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Mercuric Oxalate for the Simultaneous Determination of Heavy Metal Ions in Medicinal Plants and Ayurvedic Tablets

Abstract

A wax-impregnated carbon paste electrode with mercury oxalate as the bulk modifier is found to be suitable for the determination of heavy metal ions by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The contents of binder and modifier have been optimized, until they showed low background current and easy renewability. The bulk-modified electrode is applied for the simultaneous determination of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in medicinal plants and Ayurvedic tablets (Liv 52). The results obtained have been validated with HMDE and AAS and are found to be comparable.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of l-tyrosine at carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrode

“…In our continual effort to employ CPE and modified CPE for electroanalytical applications [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], in the present work, our aim was to fabricate a non-enzymatic sensor for Tyr. To achieve this, we have modified CPE by bulk modifying it using COOH-MWCNTs in the CPE matrix and employed it for the sensitive determination of Tyr in the presence of interfering molecules.…”

Simultaneous determination of lead, copper and cadmium onto mercury film supported on wax impregnated carbon paste electrode

“…When it is modified with mercury film, it provides greater advantages over other solid and mercury electrodes [8][9]. Wax impregnated carbon paste electrode gives better results as the charging currents are minimized [10]. Stripping analysis has been carried out using carbon composite electrodes with Hg precursors [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Electrode Materials (Bulk Materials and Modification)

“…Calcium phosphates (especially apatite, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) were largely used as CPE modifier for the analysis of pollutants subsequent to preconcentration by adsorptive extraction. [751][752][753][754] Other sparingly soluble CPE modifiers for heavy metal sensors are aluminophosphates, 755 mercury oxalate, 756 as well as some organometallic complexes. A great variety of organic and organometallic compounds, such as organic ligands and catalysts as well as organometallic catalysts, but also organic polymers and amphiphilic/lipophilic compounds, has been incorporated into carbon paste electrodes for sensor applications.…”