“…Concerning the third characteristic, several strategies have been employed to control the laser threshold, including the use of an appropriate concentration of nanomaterial and dye mixtures, improving the size of the scattering centers and the mean free path, and tuning of the refractive index between the gain and scattering media (Meng et al, 2009;Cerdán et al, 2012;Lin and Hsiao 2014;Tommasi et al, 2016). The fourth characteristic (the intensity of the random laser emission) has also been investigated under the influence of many factors, including the optimization of the selection of the dye and the nanomaterial, the size, and type of the nanomaterial, the concentration of both the dye and the nanomaterial, the pumping power, and the type of source (Lau et al, 2005;Popov et al, 2006;Wiersma 2008;Chen et al, 2011;Yu 2015). Amongst the nanomaterials, nanoparticles (NPs) with superparamagnetic behavior have become interesting because they can be easily controlled under an external magnetic field owing to their extremely low coercive field and high saturation magnetization (Chung and Fu 2011;Brojabasi et al, 2015;Jing et al, 2021).…”