Wavelength-tunable organic solid-state distributed-feedback laser

Schneider, Daniel; Hartmann, S.; Benstem, T.; Dobbertin, T.; Heithecker, Dirk; Metzdorf, D.; Becker, E.; Riedl, Thomas; Johannes, Hans‐Hermann; Kowalsky, Wolfgang; Weimann, Thomas; Wang, J.; Hinze, P.

doi:10.1007/s00340-003-1270-z

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…[7,8] Though cheaper, this approach has the drawback that customized color combinations are not always possible due to Förster transfer from the highenergy emitting material (donor) to the low-energy one (acceptor), which induces emission only from the lower-gap compound. [9,10] An alternative approach which overcomes such a problem is to blend two blue-light-emitting organic molecules of different electron affinities, whose interaction gives rise to exciplex states. [11,12] The combination of the exciplex emission with the blue-light emission of the individual donor molecule results in the generation of white light.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DFB structures were pumped by a nitrogen laser (k N2 = 337 nm) with a pulse duration of 500 ps at a repetition rate of 20 Hz. [9] A beam-splitter divided the pump pulse for monitoring the pump energy by a pulse energy meter (Coherent LM-P2). A neutral density filter wheel was used to adjust the energy of the pump pulse for recording the laser output power characteristics.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Ultraviolet Organic Thin‐Film Solid‐State Laser for Biomarker Applications

Schneider

Rabe

Riedl³

et al. 2005

Advanced Materials

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Since the discovery of lasing in organic solid-state thin films many efforts have been devoted to this field.[1±9] Organic lasers offer broad tuning ranges and there are active materials covering almost the whole visible spectrum. However, electrically pumped organic lasing has not been shown so far. One of the challenges unachieved so far has been the realization of organic thin-film solid-state lasing in the ultraviolet wavelength region below 380 nm. Organic materials for ultraviolet organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been reported.[10±12] Solid-state dyes lasing in that wavelength region have only been reported for doped silica-gel layers not suitable for possible electrical applications. [13,14] Organic lasing in semiconducting thin films has only been shown for wavelengths above 392 nm. [3] In this communication we report on the first thin-film organic semiconductor laser operating in the ultraviolet wavelength region between 377.7 and 395 nm. This is the shortest laser wavelength reported so far for thin-film organic solid-state lasers. The novel spiro-linked material 2,2¢,7,7¢-tetrakis(4-fluorphenyl)spiro-9,9¢-bifluorene was used as the active organic layer in an optically pumped distributed feedback (DFB) structure. The chemical structure is shown in the inset of Figure 1. Spiro-linked materials have been proven to be very stable materials for utilization as charge transport and emitting layers in OLEDs.[15±22] They are also known as candidates for organic solid-state lasers. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) has been observed in a variety of spirolinked materials, including spiro-quarterphenyl (Spiro-4U), and spiro-sexiphenyl (Spiro-6U). [18,21,22] In Spiro-4U, an ASE maximum was observed at approximately 390 nm. A very promising application for tunable organic solid-state lasers is the field of tunable laser spectroscopy (TLS). The small size and the availability of organic thin-film solid-state lasers in the whole visible spectrum makes them an inexpensive alternative to conventional gas or dye lasers. The large tuning range of organic lasers allows the easy adjustment of the output wavelength to the particular requirements of the spectroscopic application. In the ultraviolet region alternatives are especially limited. Ultraviolet diode lasers exhibit only small tuning ranges, gas lasers are limited to certain discrete wavelengths, and liquid-based dye lasers are cumbersome in handling. As long as no electrical operation of thin-film organic lasers is demonstrated, they may, due to their low thresholds, be pumped by compact and inexpensive diode pumped microchip lasers.[23] Thus the strong infrastructure requirements of certain gas or liquid-based dye lasers can be avoided. In this report, we prove the capability of organic thin-film UV lasers for spectroscopic applications in the field of TLS. Therefore we measure the photoluminescence spectra of the fluorescence marker dyes Coumarin 6, Coumarin 152, and Rhodamine 6G in solution using our thin-film organic laser as the excitation source. R...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

An Ultraviolet Organic Thin‐Film Solid‐State Laser for Biomarker Applications

Schneider

Rabe

Riedl³

et al. 2005

Advanced Materials

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“…Details about the gratings and their fabrication have been reported previously. 49 The gratings had a modulation depth of 50 nm and a duty cycle of 80:20 (hill:valley) to yield optimized low laser thresholds. The emission wavelength was tuned within the gain spectrum of the active medium by changing Λ.…”

Section: Appendix a Experimentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer lasers: recent advances

et al. 2007

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The development of organic thin film lasers has seen tremendous progress over the past few years. Only a few materials are necessary to allow for continuous wavelength tunability in the spectral region from the UV to the near IR. At the same time, the lasing thresholds of organic thin film lasers have been reduced considerably both due to improved low-loss distributed feedback (DFB) resonator structures and highly efficient gain materials based on guest-host energy transfer. Aside from the as yet open issue of electrical operation of organic lasers, which we will address briefly in this paper, there are numerous applications (e.g. in biotechnology, spectroscopy) where optically driven organic lasers may be the more cost effective and versatile solution. In this context, tunable polymer lasers pumped by compact and inexpensive InGaN laser diodes will be shown. These lasers are based on a modified poly(9,9'-dioctylfluorene) derivative (BN-PFO) containing 12 % of -6,6'-(2,2'-octyloxy-1,1'-binaphthyl) spacer groups doped with a few wt% of the stilbene dye 1,4-Bis(2-(4-(N,N-di(p-tolyl)amino)phenyl)vinyl-benzene (DPAVB). With the same host polymer (BN-PFO) quasi continuous wave operation (up to 5 MHz) can be demonstrated. Highly repetitive lasers are especially desirable for many spectroscopic applications. This regime of operstion is found to be impeded by the photo-physics in doped organic systems where the accumulation of absorptive species in the gain medium leads to piled-up absorption losses and consequently to termination of the lasing process. The presence of the dopand molecules seems to strongly promote the formation and stabilization of the species which we relate to triplet excitons. Therefore, the concentration of the dopand affects the feasibility of quasi-cw operation of thin-film organic lasers. Strategies and results to achieve highly repetitive operation in lowthreshold guest-host systems BN-PFO:DPAVB or BN-PFO:poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) will be presented.

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“…Next challenge is the organic materials based on solid-state lasers for practical use. Optically excited laser action of organic solids has been investigated using a distributed feedback (DFB) resonator structure [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], a distributed Bragg reflector, a microdisk and a mirrorless polymer waveguide with laser dye cored dendrimer [9]. DFB lasing has been pioneered by Kogelnik and Shank [10,11] and recently revived for organic solid-state lasers (OSSLs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%