Wavelength routing of 40 Gbit/s packets with 2.5 Gbit/s header erasure/rewriting using all-fibre wavelength converter

Olsson, B.-E.; Öhlen, P.; Rau, L.; Rossi, Giammarco; Jerphagnon, O.; Doshi, R.; Humphries, D.S.; Blumenthal, D.J.; Kaman, V.; Bowers, John E.

doi:10.1049/el:20000235

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For example, label swapping simplifies header processing and address lookup [1]- [3], and some implementations transmit headers slower than the data so they can be processed electronically [4], [5]. Valiant load balancing (VLB) has been proposed to avoid packet-by-packet switching at routers and eliminates the need for arbitration [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Packet Buffers for Backbone Internet Routers

Beheshti

Burmeister

Ganjali

et al. 2010

IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking

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Abstract-If optical routers are to become reality, we will need several new optical technologies, one of which is to build sufficiently large optical buffers. Building optical buffers for routers is daunting: Today's electronic routers often hold millions of packets, which is well beyond the capabilities of optical technology. In this paper, we argue that two new results offer a solution. First, we show that the size of buffers in backbone routers can be made very small-just about 20 packets per linecard-at the expense of a small loss in throughput. Second, we show that integrated delay line optical buffers can store a few dozen packets on a photonic chip. With the combination of these two results, we conclude that future Internet routers could use optical buffers.Index Terms-Buffer size, integrated optical memory, packet switching, TCP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Packet Buffers for Backbone Internet Routers

Beheshti

Burmeister

Ganjali

et al. 2010

IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking

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“…This is because the label on an incoming packet is replaced with a new value in the LSR as it is forwarded it to the appropriate outlet; thus, the forwarding mechanism is based on label swapping. Different methods for all-optical label swapping have been proposed within the last few years, including the employment of header erasure/rewriting to perform simultaneous label swapping and wavelength conversion as demonstrated in both [2] and [3]. Incorporating wavelength conversion is an advantage as it assures that header and payload maintain the exact same wavelength, which is important for dense WDM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, wavelength conversion can be used for packet contention resolution [4]. In [2] header erasure/rewriting is performed using a two-stage method that employs semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based cross-gain modulation followed by cross-phase modulation (XPM), while in [3] header replacement is done at 2.5 Gb/s in a single step using a loop mirror. Both schemes require very special packet formats; the scheme in [2] employs a subcarrier multiplexed header, while in [3] the peak power in the header is required to be 10 dB less than in the payload.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [2] header erasure/rewriting is performed using a two-stage method that employs semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based cross-gain modulation followed by cross-phase modulation (XPM), while in [3] header replacement is done at 2.5 Gb/s in a single step using a loop mirror. Both schemes require very special packet formats; the scheme in [2] employs a subcarrier multiplexed header, while in [3] the peak power in the header is required to be 10 dB less than in the payload. This letter presents an alternative method for all-optical label swapping that relaxes the requirements on packet format and, furthermore, does not require complete header erasure/rewriting; only a few header bits in the label are changed using a short "swapping sequence," while the remaining header and payload are left unaltered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel scheme for simple label-swapping employing XOR logic in an integrated interferometric wavelength converter

Fjelde¹,

Kloch²,

Wolfson³

et al. 2001

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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“…Up to now, two main approaches have been investigated: bit-serial and parallel multiplexing of the header-hereinafter called label-and the payload data. Bit-serial multiplexing, however, imposes stringent processing requirements in the nodes, especially when the label rate is high and is extremely bandwidth wasting when the label rate is low [10], [14], [15]. Parallel multiplexing techniques are more promising and yield significant advantages when applied to optical packet bursts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An optical IM/FSK coding technique for the implementation of a label-controlled arrayed waveguide packet router

Vlachos¹,

Zhang²,

Cheyns³

et al. 2003

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract-In this paper, we present a new concept of optical packet/burst switching suitable for generalized multiprotocol label switched (GMPLS)-based optical networks. In such networks, optical labeled switched Paths are being established in a similar way as label-switched paths in MPLS. We use a wavelength label as well as an orthogonally modulated label, with respect to the payload modulation format, and which is encoded using either frequency-shift keying (FSK) or differential phase-shift keying (DPSK). Wavelength is used for switching in the node, whereas the orthogonal label defines the label-switched path. We present both simulation and experimental results to assess transmission performance of the proposed combined modulation scheme. In addition, we propose a suitable optical node architecture that can take advantage of this stacked label concept. Toward this, we use widely tunable wavelength converters to efficiently route IM/FSK (or IM/DPSK) optically labeled packets in an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG)-based node structure. We present performance simulation results in terms of packet loss ratio and internal block probability. Internal blocking is an inherent problem of AWG optical routers, and a specific wavelength assignment algorithm has been developed to minimize it. Finally, the feasibility of IM/FSK transmission is experimentally demonstrated over an 88-km single-mode fiber span, and novel aspects of FSK generation and detection techniques are presented.Index T...

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Wavelength routing of 40 Gbit/s packets with 2.5 Gbit/s header erasure/rewriting using all-fibre wavelength converter

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Optical Packet Buffers for Backbone Internet Routers

Optical Packet Buffers for Backbone Internet Routers

Novel scheme for simple label-swapping employing XOR logic in an integrated interferometric wavelength converter

An optical IM/FSK coding technique for the implementation of a label-controlled arrayed waveguide packet router

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