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Abstract-An integrated 2 2 semiconductor optical amplifier gate matrix switch is characterized for use in an optical packet buffer. Error-free performance for all port configurations is demonstrated for 40 Gb/s with less than 1-dB power penalty and an input power dynamic range of greater than 15 dB. Switching times are measured for decreasing optical input power to show an upper limit of 1-ns rise time (20%-80%). The factors limiting the maximum number of recirculations are explored toward optimizing future designs. It is concluded that the amplifier gate matrix switch is suitable for optical packet buffering.

Abstract-Communications interconnects and networks will continue to play a large role in contributing to the global carbon footprint, especially in data center and cloud-computing applications exponential growth in capacity. Key to maximizing the benefits of photonics technology is highly functional, lower power, and large-scale photonics integration. In this paper, we report on the latest advances in the photonic integration technologies used for asynchronous optical packet switching using an example photonic integrated switched optical router, the label switched optical router

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Abstract-If optical routers are to become reality, we will need several new optical technologies, one of which is to build sufficiently large optical buffers. Building optical buffers for routers is daunting: Today's electronic routers often hold millions of packets, which is well beyond the capabilities of optical technology. In this paper, we argue that two new results offer a solution. First, we show that the size of buffers in backbone routers can be made very small-just about 20 packets per linecard-at the expense of a small loss in throughput. Second, we show that integrated delay line optical buffers can store a few dozen packets on a photonic chip. With the combination of these two results, we conclude that future Internet routers could use optical buffers.Index Terms-Buffer size, integrated optical memory, packet switching, TCP.