Wavelength converters in dynamically-reconfigurable WDM networks

Yates, Jennifer; Rumsewicz, M.; Lacey, J.P.R.

doi:10.1109/comst.1999.5340515

Cited by 126 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Wavelength converters (optical or electronic) have been considered as network elements in designing WDM networks to improve wavelength utilization [18]. Sparsely-allocated wavelength converters are found to be sufficient to achieve a desired utilization gain sometimes [19].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods, however, are intrusive, and may be difficult to use for inter-domains due to security reasons. Therefore, management schemes that require minimal probing are desirable.Wavelength converters (optical or electronic) have been considered as network elements in designing WDM networks to improve wavelength utilization [18]. Sparsely-allocated wavelength converters are found to be sufficient to achieve a desired utilization gain sometimes [19].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Network management information for light-path assessment: trade-off between performance and complexity

Liu

Chan³

2003

IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-Second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37

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Abstract--We investigate network management information for light-path assessment to dynamically set up end-to-end lightpaths across administrative domains. Our focus is on invetigating what performance can be possibly achieved given partial management information, and whether a small loss in performance can trade off with a large saving in management information.The partial information we consider includes aggregated characterization of subnetworks, and local states from wavelength converters. We cast the light-path assessment as a decision problem, and define the performance as the probability of an erroneous decision. We apply the decision theory to show that the optimal performance using the partial information is the Bayes probability of error. We derive an upper bound of the Bayes error in terms of the blocking probability. We evaluate the upper bound using both independent and dependent models of wavelength usage. Our study shows that there exits a ``threshold effect'': The Bayes error decreases exponentially to 0 with respect to the load when the load is either below or above a threshold value; and is non-negligible when the load is in a small duration around the threshold. This suggests that a small percentage of error decisions can trade off with a large saving in management information.Index terms--Partial management information, lightpath assessment, decision theory, Bayes rule, blocking probability. I. INTRODUCTIONDynamically assessing the quality of light-paths is important to many applications in wavelength-routed optical networks such as on-demand light-path provisioning, protection and restoration. As the light-path quality is a complex measure [1], this work considers a simple quality, which is the wavelength availability on a candidate light-path. The assessment then becomes determining availability of wavelengths for supporting an end-to-end call based on given management information.Complete or partial network management information can be used to assess the wavelength availability on a light-path. Complete information corresponds to the detailed states of wavelength usage, i.e. "which wavelengths are used at which links of a network'', when there is no wavelengths converters in the network. Wavelength converters can reduce state information due to their ability to relax the wavelength continuity constraint. However, it is expected that wavelength converters remain expensive and are thus used mostly on the boundaries of sub-networks [2]. Therefore, generally complete state information involves the detailed wavelength occupancy within a subnet. Partial information includes aggregated load and topology information at each subnet, and local states, e.g., the total number of wavelengths used at wavelength converters.Providing state information is a basic functionality of network management. Traditional network management systems intend to obtain as complete state information as possible [3]. But future IP-WDM networks may have hundreds of links with each link supporting hundreds of wavelengths [...

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Network management information for light-path assessment: trade-off between performance and complexity

Liu

Chan³

2003

IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-Second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37

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“…Topology for all-optical network includes both link and wavelength, and the routing problem is extended as the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem [14][15], which is to select an optimal route from the source to the destination for the point-to-point lightpath, and to assign a wavelength on each link of the route such that the probability of blocking dynamic provisioning requests is minimized. For all-optical switches without wavelength conversion, wavelength continuity constraint [16] restricts a lightpath to use the same wavelength on each link along the end-to-end lightpath. A provisioning request is blocked if wavelength assignment fails for any link of the selected lightpath.…”

Section: Interdomain Routing and Wavelength Assignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercarrier interdomain control plane for global optical networks

2004

2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37577)

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Abstract-This paper presents the Photonic Interdomain Negotiator (PIN) as the secure global optical control plane architecture to interoperate multiple wavelength-routed network domains with incompatible local control planes. The PIN interdomain routing and wavelength assignment is characterized by constraint-based optical path-vector routing to determine endto-end lightpath across multiple domains, and by conversionaware wavelength discovery to resolve wavelength blocking during discovery phase. The PIN interdomain optical signaling is supported by the Robust Fast Optical Reservation Protocol (RFORP) to minimize reservation delay by employing parallel reservation processing in multiple domains along a domain-path, and to minimize wavelength blocking during reservation phase by employing localized rerouting.

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“…However with higher load, contention increases, and hence the number of dropped burst increases leading to a big lost of performance. Several methods can be used to lower the burst-dropping probability such as wavelength conversion [5] and the use of buffers [6], but these solutions are still not there due to the high cost and the immaturity of technology. In this paper we will propose another method where the burst is segmented into several parts of equal length and in case of contention only the parts at the beginning, causing the conflict, will be discarded.…”

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Segmented Burst Switching: Enhancement of Optical Burst Switching to Decrease Loss Rate and Support Quality of Service

Maach

Bochmann

2003

Next Generation Optical Network Design and Modelling

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Abstract:With the growing demand of bandwidth and the development being made in the optical components technology, the IP over DWDM using optical burst switching seems to be the best solution to take advantage of the huge capacity of the fiber and accommodate high traffic of information. In this architecture the optical network is seen as an optical cloud with intelligent edges capable to interpret the IP address and store the information in electronic domains as well as checking and correcting errors. Optical burst switching [1,3] achieves better bandwidth exploitation because all the fiber wavelengths are shared among the bursts without resource pre-allocation and the whole wavelength capacity can be used by a burst. However with higher load, contention increases, and hence the number of dropped burst increases leading to a big lost of performance. Several methods can be used to lower the burst-dropping probability such as wavelength conversion [5] and the use of buffers [6], but these solutions are still not there due to the high cost and the immaturity of technology. In this paper we will propose another method where the burst is segmented into several parts of equal length and in case of contention only the parts at the beginning, causing the conflict, will be discarded. We will analyze and compare this method with other practical methods: delayed burst, deflection routing. The segments of burst can be used to carry different class of service since the dropping probability of each segment depends on its position in the burst. The parts at the end have the smallest probability to be dropped. We prove trough analysis and simulation that the segmented burst improves the performance and is more suitable for traffic with several class of service. 70 Abdelilah Maach , Gregor von BochmannKey words: Optical network, optical burst switching, contention resolution, segmented burst switching INTRODUCTIONWavelength division multiplexing WDM consists of the use of several light paths in the same fiber. This increases tremendously the capacity of the fiber, which makes it a good solution to face the increasing demand of bandwidth. At the beginning the network consisted of electronic switch connected by optical fibers. At each intermediate node, the data has to be converted to the electronic domain and stored temporarily while the header is being processed. Unfortunately the electronic processing and conversions limits the speed of the network, and doesn't exploit all the advantages of WDM. Fwthermore the network cost is very high due to the components used to perform opto-electronic conversion and storage. The trend now is to keep the information as long as possible in the optical domain, which can overcome the limitations imposed by the electronic processing and optoelectronic conversion as well as the buffering problems while providing high speed, high transparency and decreases the network cost. The trend in photonic network is to carry IP traffic directly over the DWDM. [7]; in this kind of network only a small part...

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Wavelength converters in dynamically-reconfigurable WDM networks

Cited by 126 publications

References 39 publications

Network management information for light-path assessment: trade-off between performance and complexity

Network management information for light-path assessment: trade-off between performance and complexity

Intercarrier interdomain control plane for global optical networks

Segmented Burst Switching: Enhancement of Optical Burst Switching to Decrease Loss Rate and Support Quality of Service

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