Waveguide Raman Spectroscopy of Thin Polymer Layers and Monolayers of Biomolecules Using High Refractive Index Waveguides

Kanger, Johannes S.; Otto, Cees; Slotboom, M.; Greve, Jan

doi:10.1021/jp952566t

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Different photonic structures i.e. optical fibers [5,6], planar waveguides [7], strip waveguides [8][9][10][11][12] and more recently slot waveguides [13] have been successfully used for this purpose. HIC waveguides of few millimeters length also provide the ease of use where an analyte can simply be drop casted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High index contrast photonic platforms for on-chip Raman spectroscopy

Raza¹,

Clemmen²,

Wuytens³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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Nanophotonic waveguide enhanced Raman spectroscopy (NWERS) is a sensing technique that uses a highly confined waveguide mode to excite and collect the Raman scattered signal from molecules in close vicinity of the waveguide. The most important parameters defining the figure of merit of an NWERS sensor include its ability to collect the Raman signal from an analyte i.e. "the Raman conversion efficiency" and the amount of "Raman background" generated from the guiding material. Here, we compare different photonic integrated circuit (PIC) platforms capable of on-chip Raman sensing in terms of the aforementioned parameters. Among the four photonic platforms under study, tantalum oxide and silicon nitride waveguides exhibit high signal collection efficiency and low Raman background. In contrast, the performance of titania and alumina waveguides suffers from a strong Raman background and a weak signal collection efficiency respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High index contrast photonic platforms for on-chip Raman spectroscopy

Raza¹,

Clemmen²,

Wuytens³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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“…To obtain the highest field strength at the waveguide surface has been always a dream of scientists in the fields of waveguide sensing and waveguide spectroscopy, but conventional PRI waveguides inhibit this dream to become true by nature. A lot of methods have been proposed to enhance the field at the waveguide surface such as using high refractive index waveguide, 11 depositing high refractive index thin film at the waveguide surface, 12 using composite waveguide, 13 and changing the refractive index of the cladding layer, 14 but none of the above mentioned methods can really achieve the highest surface field. The surface waves associated with the first order modes in a NRI planar waveguide might get this long-chased goal achieved once and forever.…”

Section: The First Order Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eigenmodes in a negative-refractive-index planar waveguide for high-sensitivity evanescent sensing and spectroscopic applications

Hu¹,

Qi²

2013

SPIE Proceedings

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Characteristic equations for eigenmodes in a planar waveguide which utilizes negative refractive index (NRI) material as a guiding layer and positive refractive index (PRI) materials as cladding layers have been deduced from the first principles in this work. Although the deduced characteristic equations for a NRI planar waveguide are just slightly modified compared with those of a PRI planar waveguide, they change the eigenmodes in the waveguide considerably. Firstly, the fundamental modes for both TE and TM polarization are excluded in a NRI planar waveguide; secondly, the first order modes in a NRI planar waveguide exhibit antisymmetric mode profiles (with their maxima and minima at the interfaces of guiding and cladding layers); finally, the modes of higher orders are trivial and of little interest. Although NRI materials that operate at optical frequencies are not available yet, evolvement of the metamaterial technique may provide us with such materials in the future and a NRI optical planar waveguide can be fabricated. With its unique features predicted by the characteristic equations (such as the maximal field strength at the interfaces of guiding and cladding layers for the first order modes), the NRI optical planar waveguide is of great potential to be used as highly sensitive sensing elements or non-plasmonic enhancement substrates for waveguide spectroscopy.

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“…23 Increased sensitivity to thin films can be achieved if the cladding is omitted and the guiding layer is placed directly in contact with the sample, provided the sample has a low-enough index for the field to be evanescent. 24,25 Early work on waveguide Raman has been reviewed in references 26 and 2. There has been little recent work on waveguide Raman, though it has the potential to be integrated profitably with other surface analytical techniques that exploit waveguides, such dual phase interferometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total internal reflection Raman spectroscopy

Woods

Bain

2012

Analyst

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1an15722aPublisher's copyright statement:Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractTotal internal reflection (TIR) Raman spectroscopy is an experimentally straightforward, surface-sensitive technique for obtaining chemically specific spectroscopic information from a region within approximately 100-200 nm of a surface. While TIR Raman spectroscopy has long been overshadowed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering, with modern instrumentation TIR Raman spectra can be acquired from sub-nm thick films in only a few seconds. In this review, we describe the physical basis of TIR Raman spectroscopy and illustrate the performance of the technique in the diverse fields of surfactant adsorption, liquid crystals, lubrication, polymer films and biological interfaces, including both macroscopic structures such as the surfaces of leaves, and microscopic structures such as lipid bilayers. Progress, and challenges, in using TIR Raman to obtain depth profiles with sub-diffraction resolution are described.

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Waveguide Raman Spectroscopy of Thin Polymer Layers and Monolayers of Biomolecules Using High Refractive Index Waveguides

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

High index contrast photonic platforms for on-chip Raman spectroscopy

High index contrast photonic platforms for on-chip Raman spectroscopy

Eigenmodes in a negative-refractive-index planar waveguide for high-sensitivity evanescent sensing and spectroscopic applications

Total internal reflection Raman spectroscopy

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